In order for the grapes to have a higher yield, and the fruits are large and sweet, you need to plant it. After grafting is carried out, you can get a faster and better crop from the new variety.
As a rule, the procedure is successful. It is not difficult to conduct and occurs in the spring, often in April, when the process of kidney swelling begins. Before the procedure, the graft is best placed in the refrigerator, because in this case the kidneys will be at rest. Grapes are grafted in spring when the temperature near the root is about 10 degrees above zero, despite the fact that the air temperature should be + 15 degrees. Sometimes you can hear that you need to vaccinate after the apiary has finished standing out. This is considered incorrect, because it stops its selection only after the first leaves appear. But you can’t wait for this. And besides, the harm of the apiary is contrived: it is useful because it creates a moist environment in the place where grapes are grafted.
The success of this procedure depends on the degree of compatibility of the scion and stock. And the degree of survival of the scion depends on the conditions under which the uterine bush was grown. Soil poverty and its dryness also have a very bad effect. Naturally, the vaccine must be carried out, observing the technique, and the graft must be stored in the right conditions so that a moderate amount of moisture is received.
It must be remembered that the correctness of the choice of the cuttings necessary for vaccination is of great importance. Please note that there should be a place on its lower node remaining from the fallen off little mustache. At this place is a developed diaphragm.
Vaccination of grapes has many options. Grape growers most often use a vaccination in a split on an underground trunk, a summer vaccination in a green shoot, a vaccination in the roots (also called full), as well as an underground and a half split. As practice shows, this procedure does not cause any particular difficulties. The main thing is to do everything according to the scheme.
Vaccinations are also divided into:
- “Black to black” (last year’s mature stalk grafted onto last year’s escape).
- "Black to Green" (last year's mature - to the green shoot).
- "Green to green" (green shoot - to the shield containing the kidney).
Green grape grafting is one of the species that is carried out on the green shoots during the growing season. As a scion, cuttings of green shoots are used.
There are several types of this vaccination: grafting with a graft (simple copulation or cleavage of the shoot) and grafting with a shield along with a kidney (performed by the method of budding). The first two forms are held, starting in May and ending in June. But the last view is best implemented from mid-May to mid-August.
If you have chosen a graft vaccine, it is carried out earlier, because the scion shoot is developing in the same year, respectively, there may simply not be enough time for the growth to mature, which will lead to the death of the vaccine with the onset of cold weather.
If grape grafting is carried out using budding, bud germination does not occur in the year of the procedure. The escape begins to develop only the next year.
There is a certain stage of preparation that precedes any kind of vaccination. It must be remembered that each type of procedure is carried out according to a certain scheme, which must be previously studied. Otherwise, the vaccine simply will not succeed.
As soon as young shoots begin to grow, they need to be tied up, using supports for this. Moreover, the soil where they grow must have a sufficient degree of moisture and constantly cleaned of weed.
Using these tips, you can independently vaccinate grapes, after specifying the features of the technology for each of its species.