The fruits of the apple tree are the most popular fruits in the world. They are used in different forms and are used in many recipes. Apples are not only tasty and healthy, they are also available throughout the year. Dried fruits, juices and exotic desserts are obtained from them. In addition to the food industry, this fruit is widely used in cosmetology and medicine. For example, the winter grade Belarusian Sweet is recommended for anemia, hypertension, gout, urolithiasis, low acidity, constipation, arthritis, dysentery and obesity. These apples help with insomnia and headache, normalize sleep and are useful for diabetes.
Apple seeds contain a poisonous substance - hydrocyanic acid. It is not recommended to use them in large quantities.
Variety of apple varieties
Apples are good for humans, so it is advisable to eat them constantly. Summer residents plant trees of different varieties. Since not everyone has the opportunity to store fruits in the winter, gardeners plant early varieties of apple trees. But if there is a cellar or storage, it is better to plant trees of winter varieties, among which the Belarusian Sweet is popular. Early varieties of apple trees, like winter ones, are selected according to taste preferences.
"Belarusian sweet"
Among gardeners, the apple tree Belarusian Sweet is very popular. This is a fairly productive variety, which was bred in Belarus. The tree is medium-sized, giving regular fruiting without periodicity. According to the five-point system, the tasting score is 4.1 points. The fruits are firmly held on branches and are suitable for use immediately after a stall.
Today, among the fruit frost-resistant trees, it is the Belorusskoe Sushka apple tree that is popular. Description of the variety: the crown has a round-cone-shaped, rare shape, which makes it convenient for pruning and picking fruits. Fruits have a gentle pulp, medium density and sweet taste. Each fruit weighs approximately 170 grams. They are rounded, with a smooth surface. At the time of removable maturity, the apples have a greenish-yellow color, the side of the apple, lit by the sun, acquires a pink hue.
Apple tree "Belarusian Sweet" begins to bear fruit for 1-2 years after planting. Five years later, from one tree you can collect up to 35 kg of apples. Frost resistance - 36 degrees. Trees are fast-growing, in the eighth year they reach three meters in height. If you do not observe the timing of the removal of fruits, the period of their storage drops to two months.
Apple trees for Moscow region: varieties
Photos of the Belarusian Sweet Tree tree presented in this article clearly show how to plant and care for this type of plant. It should be noted that this variety is ideal for the climate of the Moscow region. The White filling, Antonovka, Orlik and others are also popular among summer residents. In addition, they are zoned for the central regions. Therefore, gardeners choose apple varieties located near Moscow. The photo shows that they have good fruiting, which means they are adapted under our climatic conditions.
There are many varieties of fruit trees. However, summer residents of the Moscow region prefer "Belarusian Sweet." The apple tree variety is excellent for this region, as it has high frost resistance and is not prone to various diseases. In addition, such trees tolerate harsh winters well and are able to produce good crops.
How to grow a full tree
Gardeners carefully choose each seedling, so that in a few years a healthy apple tree Belarusian Sweet grows. Variety descriptions and tree care tips include the following definition: a tree is planted in mid-April. The apple tree loves loamy soil. If the earth is clay, it is better to mix it before planting with peat or river sand. Peat or humus is added to the sandy soil. It should be noted that without special knowledge on planting and care, it is difficult to grow a full-fledged tree.
How to plant an apple tree
Pits for seedlings are prepared two weeks before planting, during which time the soil settles well. Dig them up with a diameter of 1.2 m, a depth of 50-60 cm, separating the more fertile upper layer, in the future it will be used during planting.
The dug hole is further processed. To do this, loosen the bottom depth to the height of the bayonet with a metal rod or a shovel. There they put old cans, walnut shells or rusty iron, and then they sprinkle 20 cm of the previously extracted upper soil. Fertilizers and some wood ash are also added to the prepared pit. All this is very useful for the Belarusian Sweet. The apple variety is susceptible to top dressing, so the result will not be long in coming. Fertilizers are mixed with the ground, adding soil to the topsoil. In total, the pit should be filled to half its volume. Fertile soil is also added to the remaining part of the pit until a mound of 20 cm height rises. It is impossible to neglect this rule, otherwise the seedling will sag. In the center of the formed hill they drive a stake - the future support for the seedling. After this, a seedling is established, its roots are straightened and covered with fertile soil, carefully tamping it.
Since the apple tree "Belarusian Sweet" requires special nuances when planting, it is better to attract household, neighbors or a familiar gardener to help. It is imperative to tie the seedling to a driven stake in order to provide it with reliable support.
Caring for a young apple tree
When planting, watering is mandatory, you need to irrigate until the liquid freely penetrates into the pit. On average, one seedling requires 35 liters of water. Repeat the procedure after a week. The distance between the apple trees should be 4 meters, otherwise they will interfere with each other when they grow up.
Care for the apple "Belarusian Sweet" is the annual pruning. The tree will give a good harvest, will begin to bear fruit early and for a long time, if it has a correctly formed crown.
Pruning Belarusian Sweet
The first pruning occurs in the spring in the second year after planting and before the buds swell. So that the tree does not grow in height and gives lateral shoots, vertical branches are cut annually. At the beginning of spring, one third of the length of last year’s growth is removed.
Seedlings grown in the nursery already have several side-shaped branches. Most often, after planting, the growth is not very large, so pruning is not necessary for such a tree. But in the second year in early spring, it is necessary. A well-developed tree leaves a conductor (vertical shoot) 40 cm long from the upper skeletal branch. The rest is shortened by a third, and a fifth is cut off at the conductor. In this process, there is one caveat that you need to know: strong, healthy, highly located branches cut off more than others. When controlling pulling to the trunk, their ends should be at the same height, vertical shoots 20-30 cm higher.
The description of apple varieties contains the following nuances regarding “diseased” trees: pruning of apple trees weakened during winter depends on the degree of damage and the age of the tree. The variety "Belarusian Sweet", as described above, is resistant to severe frosts, but it happens that with poor preparation of seedlings for the winter period, the crown of the tree can be damaged. In this case, dry branches are cut down to green cambium. With the complete destruction of the crown of young trees, it is necessary to apply the cultural growth to form a new one. At the level of a strong shoot, a stump is cut. A developed sprout is chosen to form a crown, the remaining ones are bent to a horizontal position or shortened.
What to look for
Essentially, all trees need care. Observing the rules of cultivation and all the nuances of caring for it, gardeners will receive full fruits. It is very important to choose the right varieties of apple trees. With photos accompanying this article, you can see the phased process of growing a young tree.
You should also focus on thinning fruits and ovaries. This must be done, otherwise the fruit will grow underdeveloped and with low palatability. At the time of formation of the ovaries, the central fetus is removed from each bundle. The abundance of fruits on a tree can lead to periodic fruiting when it will rest after a high harvest.
Top dressing
Each tree needs to be fed. For example, red varieties of apple trees are characterized by high productivity. And in order to maintain high fruiting, it is necessary to regularly feed them with nitrogen, potassium, calcium and phosphorus. The lack of these substances can lead to the withering of the tree and even its death.
The first feeding of the apple tree "Belarusian Sweet" is done after the flowering of the tree, the second - after the ovaries are showered. As nutrients, bird droppings, slurry and mineral fertilizers are used. Two furrows are made: one at a distance of a meter from the stem, the other at a distance of 50 cm from the first. Manure slurry diluted with water and bird droppings are poured there. After top dressing, the furrows fall asleep. Weakened trees are especially in need of vitamins.
Autumn worries
With the onset of cold weather, the Belorusskoye Sweet apple tree requires special care. The soil of the trunk circles is mulched with peat, compost and humus. The tree is spudded, and the trunk is tied with the spruce tops down to protect it from rodents. Until the apple tree is 5 years old, its trunk is whitewashed with chalk solution, older trees with lime mortar. With thaws, snow is trampled around a tree. Until the Belorusskoe Sugar apple tree grows stronger, it requires constant protection against hares, so we must not forget about rodent baits. If you follow all the rules for caring for a tree, it will grow full-fledged and will please a high, high-quality crop.
Connoisseurs of apple aroma choose the Belarusian Sweet variety. It is ideal for making sweet, fragrant jam from delicate fruits. Apples are used not only for home cooking, the field of application of the technology of this variety is wide - it is agriculture, amateur and industrial gardening.