The ancient city of Dmitrov is not as famous as Moscow, although it is its same age. It is located a little north than the capital. Its founder, Yuri Dolgoruky, laid the city back in 1154. Then it was the extreme northern outpost, which covered the road to Suzdal. Further quite wild places, endless swamps and swamps began. Almost from the very day of its formation, the city was an important strategic center, which made it possible to get by water through Yakhroma, Sestra and Dubna to the upper Volga. Here the path to Suzdal, along the Vele River, passed.
The history of the battle fortress
A strategically important point could not do without military fortifications, which is why already in 1181 the city was a powerful fortress. The Dmitrov Kremlin, the current miracle, a living museum, the heritage of ancestors, then carried quite certain functions. The earliest buildings were earthen ramparts with deep moats. Their height was overwhelming, more than 15 m, and the total length was about 1000 m. A little later, walls of powerful logs with battle towers were erected on them. The Dmitrov Kremlin grew and developed, by the 17th century, according to preserved documents, it already had 8 fortress towers.
In those days, all the buildings were wooden and burned during the Time of Troubles. Stone fortifications did not exist then. The inner territory of the fortress was relatively small, there were houses of the prince's squad, houses of artisans and merchants. Today, the Dmitrov Kremlin is being recreated anew, the stories of the ancient museum come to life within its walls, forming an amazing atmosphere. Despite the fact that many buildings were reconstructed, they very accurately convey the spirit of their time. If you are traveling along the Golden Ring of Russia, then be sure to visit this cozy corner.
Why is the Dmitrov Kremlin so unique
Most Russian fortresses were built on hills, hills, this made it possible to occupy the best observant positions and have a significant advantage during the siege. However, the ancient builders used a different principle when they laid the Dmitrov Kremlin. History shows that alternative solutions were often more effective. The fortress was built in a swampy lowland, and a swamp starting immediately behind the rampart served as a natural defense. To this day, this historical monument is a symbol of the highest skill of its creators. We will try to take a virtual walk in which we talk about the main attractions.
Museum Road
The easiest way to use the services of the railway. Every day, several times a day, trains to Dmitrov leave from Odintsovo, Golitsyno, Kubinka and many other settlements. If your starting point is Moscow, then you can catch these trains at Savelovsky Station, as well as at the station near Fili and Begovaya metro stations. From 2011 to Dmitrov, a comfortable bus with air conditioning leaves every 30 minutes from the Altufyevo metro station. Just an hour and a half on the road - and you are at your destination. If you have a personal car, then the road will not take you more than an hour. For this there is Dmitrov highway. As you can see, you can easily plan your trip and visit the Dmitrov Kremlin. Getting there is up to you, but the easiest way is to drive your car.
Chapel of Alexander Nevsky
If you were driving along the highway, the road will lead you directly to the city center, to the earthen rampart. The Dmitrov Kremlin Museum-Reserve is right in front of you, however, before you start exploring it, you can visit this ancient chapel. It is located in the center of the old city, on the site of the former ancient Nikolsky Gate and the earthen rampart. Until 1868 it was a wooden building, but it was completely destroyed. In its place, a stone chapel was erected, which still glorifies the holy Prince Alexander Nevsky. The reason for the creation of this chapel was a miraculous deliverance from the death of Alexander II. There was a period in history when desolation reigned in the chapel, but in the 90s it was returned to the Orthodox Church.
Assumption Cathedral
We continue to explore the unique museum reserve. Dmitrov Kremlin has an amazing pearl - the majestic Assumption Cathedral. It dates from 1500, but was completely rebuilt in the 17th century. At this time, an amazing three-tier bell tower was added. It is in order to look at this magnificent building that tourists come here. It is very similar in appearance to the Moscow cathedrals built during the same period. Similarity is attached to the openwork iconostasis and beautiful carvings depicting vegetation. But some experts believe that the Italian influence is noticeable in architecture, in particular, it concerns the decor of facades: lucerne windows in barns, wall treatment with panels and much more.
In the seventeenth century, during the restoration of the cathedral, a bell tower was added to it, and its upper part with a clock and spiers was built a century later. But the pride of the cathedral is a five-tiered iconostasis, the icons of which are more than 500 years old. The tile reliefs, which are made of separate ceramic plates covered with colored lead glaze, fascinate with their appearance.
Elizabethan Church
This is the second largest pearl that adorns the Dmitrov Kremlin. Excursions always include a tour of this magnificent facility. By the way, it was built for spiritual mentoring of prisoners of the county prison. The place of this building in the general ensemble is on the northern border of the administrative complex. The building is an interesting architectural solution, patterned frames on the windows replace the grilles, at the level of the second tier along the walls there is a balcony for the convoy. The choir have an entrance from the parapet. However, the church went through difficult times, there was a club for a long time in this room, then a warehouse. Today, the building is again transferred to the church, but its decoration has not been preserved.
Kremlin Territory, Bridge and Stone of Desire
Favorite place of all newlyweds, as well as tourists visiting the Kremlin. The bridge of happiness is quite small, and two huge horseshoes adorn it on both sides. Incoming passes under the arches of the first, then steps along each of the three, which supports the bridge, and goes under the fifth horseshoe. It is believed that if you follow it, then luck will certainly smile. Couples who marry love to decorate its railing with small locks, and the keys are thrown into the river. Nearby is a wish stone, a horseshoe is walled into it. And the legend engraved on it indicates that it was here that Dolgoruky's horse stumbled and broke a horseshoe, which served as the reason for the foundation of the city on this site.
Museum "Dmitrov Kremlin"
This is a two-story building in the Kremlin, which will be very interesting to visit for every tourist. Remember to plan your trip. If you just want to take a walk through its territory, the Kremlin will last for several hours, and in order to examine all the expositions, you need much more time. For tourists, it is important where the Dmitrov Kremlin is located . The address is easy to find from any guidebook: Zagorskaya street, 17. Visitors are waiting here every day.
Exhibition halls
The Dmitrov Kremlin Museum includes nine halls in which everyone will find something that interests him. The first two of them tell the story of the old noble estates of the region. The abundance of photographs makes the exposition clear, colorful and interesting. The third and fourth halls are quite specific, they are dedicated history of agriculture. However, their everyday life brightens the pages of the history of the development of various crafts that were developed in these places. The seventh and eighth halls tell you about the terrible moments of history, namely the days of the Great Fatherland . Stvennoj war, the battles and heroes of the time on this earth most interesting to many - this is the last room It was he devoted to the history of our country where a rich collection of artifacts from different eras, which allows a better understanding of the Russian people...
Be sure to visit the Dmitrov Kremlin! The Museum-Reserve (photos can be taken at an additional cost - 250 rubles) will leave a lasting impression. Video recording costs a little more: depending on the duration, you will have to pay from 500 to 1000 rubles. However, the memory of the trip is worth the cost.
Plan your visit time
The entrance ticket to the museum will cost you 170 rubles per person. Children under 5 years old are free, but the expositions are designed for thoughtful study and are unlikely to interest the kids, so it is better to leave them on the playground and go to inspect the Dmitrov Kremlin. Opening hours are from 9:00 to 17:00 daily. Monday and Tuesday are days off. When going to the museum, pay attention to the calendar: the last Wednesday of every month is a sanitary day.
Excursions
You can explore all the halls on your own or invite a guide. There are various programs that you can choose depending on your preferences. “Dmitrovsky Krai since the beginning of time” tells you about the period of the city’s formation and prosperity, the history of the region, demonstrates the weapons and armor of Russian soldiers, since history and war are inseparable. If you are closer to art, then choose the exhibition of art collections. These are bright and colorful exhibitions that show icons and samples of wooden sculpture, handwritten books and products from earthenware, porcelain, samples of colored and laminated glass. A special place is occupied by an excursion devoted to the history, life and artistic life of the region. This is a special world in which merchants and nobles once lived. You can feel its special atmosphere, get acquainted with interior items, portraits and documents. In order to appreciate the completeness of the picture, the exposition tells about the life of peasants. Of particular interest is the 19th-century hut with an oven without a chimney. Against the background of the luxurious interiors of noble mansions, it looks especially fantastic.
Another interesting exhibition tells about the life of the famous compatriot P. A. Kropotkin. The exposition will be interesting to everyone who is even a little familiar with the activities of a brilliant scientist. Kropotkin is a geographer, geologist, and a famous revolutionary who has put a lot of effort into the development of our country. The exposition is located in a unique house, where he lived the last two years of his life. Here you can get acquainted with the works of the scientist, which were published during his lifetime. In addition, you will see a large number of photographs and documents that have never been published anywhere else. The decor of these rooms tells not only about the scientist himself, but also about the long and difficult restoration of the house and the creation of a museum in it.
Special attention deserves the exposition "You are all in my heart." She talks about a completely different dimension, about the life of the holy martyr Seraphim Zvezdinsky. This is a fairly large exposition, which shows photographs and documents, a difficult life, fragments of works about great feats in the name of Vera. It also describes the life of the new martyrs of Dmitrov. Entrance tickets for any excursion are available, their cost is only 50 rubles. A group tour lasting 1 hour costs 1000 rubles, up to 20 people can take part in it.
Instead of a conclusion
The history of the native land cannot but interest man. That is why tourists continue to flock to the Dmitrov Kremlin. Photos of majestic monuments of ancient architecture will long remind you of a wonderful and informative walk. Such a trip is not quite an entertaining event. Rather, it is an educational trip that enriches the tourist and gives him new knowledge about his region. Here the pages of history come to life, bygone eras reveal their secrets to us.