Russia is rich in its vastness! The middle strip of our country is a truly unique territory, replete with a variety of coniferous and deciduous forests, clean rivers and crystal lakes, untouched by civilization. In addition, the local mild climate creates excellent conditions for the habitat of numerous and unique animals, as well as for the growth of certain plants here.
What is the middle lane of Russia?
The middle zone of Russia is called the territory of the European part of our country, characterized by a temperate continental climate. Another name for it is the Central Russian region. That is what it was called during the Soviet Union. The nature of central Russia is diverse and amazing. Some animals and plants that inhabit European territory are almost no longer found in remote regions of our country.
What climate prevails in central Russia?
On the European territory of the Russian Federation is a temperate continental climate. Birds of central Russia and other animals feel very comfortable here. And this is no accident, because the winter here is snowy, but moderately frosty, and the summer is warm, but rather humid. For example, according to the Russian hydrometeorological center, average winter temperatures are from -8 degrees Celsius in the south-west (in the Bryansk region) to -12 in the north-east (in the Yaroslavl region). Summer temperatures can be called values from + 22 degrees Celsius (north-west, Tver region) to +28 (south-east, Lipetsk region).
Geography
What are the boundaries of this area? How wide is Russia? The middle strip of our huge country begins from the borders with Belarus (in the west) and stretches to the Volga region (in the east), as well as from the Arkhangelsk region and Karelia in the north to the Chernozem region (sometimes to the Caucasus) - in the south. It is worth noting that in the north, European territory borders on a taiga strip. This border lies in the Yaroslavl, Pskov, Kostroma and Kirov regions. In the south, the middle strip borders on the forest-steppe in the Kursk, Voronezh, Lipetsk, Oryol, Penza and Tambov regions. As a rule, mixed Russian forests stand out in the so-called subtaiga zone.
What is rich in European Russia?
The middle strip of our country, of course, is rich in its unique flora. As already mentioned above, mixed and broad-leaved forests with a variety of flora and fauna are typical of these places. The latter is represented here by various types of trees:
- linden;
- birch tree;
- oak;
- ash;
- maple tree;
- alder;
- elm.
In the territory occupied by mixed forests, conifers are added to the above-mentioned species of deciduous trees : pines, fir, spruce, larch - trees without which Russia is not Russia. The middle strip of the Russian Federation is famous for the variety of meadows. The main representatives of the meadow grass stand are:
- fescue;
- foxtail;
- clover;
- a field
- timothy
- sedge;
- mouse peas.
Animals of central Russia
These places are a real find for zoologists and naturalists in all areas of our lives! It should be noted that approximately 50% of the species diversity of the fauna is inhabited here. Many animals inhabiting the European territory of Russia were able to survive and adapt in this natural zone only because of its mild climate. A great number of various steppes and forests provide a quiet haven for such ungulate animals as:
- bison;
- moose
- maral;
- rams;
- wild boars;
- noble european deer;
- roe deer.
But the animals of central Russia are not limited to its ungulates. Roe deer, wild boars, and deer, in turn, serve as food for large predators - brown bears, raccoon dogs, wolves, wolverines and martens. Small living creatures (shrews, moles), which is food, for example, for foxes and other birds of prey, live in large numbers here. Scientists note that the European territory of our country is inhabited by the largest population of Russian hare, common hedgehogs, squirrels, field voles, etc. in Russia.
Ponds inhabit such fish as pike, roach, sterlet, crucian carp, ide. The European territory of our country has more than 170 species of birds, being the historical habitat of most of them. In large quantities, you can find bullfinches, hazel grouse, woodpeckers, blackbirds. Here are the most common birds in central Russia:
- raven;
- partridge;
- swallow;
- sparrow;
- nightingale;
- landrail;
- gray heron;
- pastor;
- bustard;
- lapwing;
- toadstool;
- duck;
- Siberian Crane
- swamp owl;
- steppe eagle;
- buzzard.
Despite the fact that over 40 species of birds here are hunting and fishing and are hunted annually, many of them are firmly preserved due to the absence of deliberate destructive impact on nature from people.