Stepper motors are brushless devices. They are made with several windings. The main parameters of the devices can be called the threshold voltage and the number of poles. Also, models differ in terms of winding resistance. Single-phase modifications are made with gear stators. Magnets are most often used cylindrical type.
For CNC stepper motors are ideal. However, in this case, much depends on the equipment. In particular, modifications are installed on printers, machine tools and laser cutters. They can also be found on drives. However, this applies only to linear configurations. It costs an average high-quality stepper motor in the region of 4,500 rubles.
How to choose an engine?
How to choose a stepper motor for CNC? First of all, you should decide on the type of modification. If we consider options for machines, then they often use two-phase models. Magnetic cores are installed with good current conductivity. The rotors are directly used in steel. Cups for stators are made with a protrusion.
In this case, the windings are made of soft magnetic material. Stators in the presented devices are used with teeth. The retention rate must be at least 3 kg / cm. The resistance parameter of the winding depends on the type of CNC. If we talk about modifications with the controller, then the above figure should be equal to 7 ohms.
Devices for machine tools
How to choose a stepper motor for a CNC machine? If we consider a conventional milling model, it is first of all important to pay attention to the type of shaft. On average, it is installed with a diameter of 5 mm. In this case, the stator must be located above the rotor in the cup, and the winding current itself must be 2 A. For more stable operation of the motor, magnetic conductors with high conductivity are used.
Also, before buying, you should evaluate the inductance of the winding. The specified parameter for engines varies in the region of 6 mH. In this case, the drivers for the devices must be bipolar type. It costs an average stepper motor for a CNC machine in the region of 3 thousand rubles.
Drive Models
How to choose a stepper motor for CNC drive? In this case, many consumers prefer two-phase modifications. Stators are most often dentate. By the type of rotor, the models are quite different. Often they are made of charge steel. On average, the shaft diameter is 5.5 mm. The pitch angle of the models for drives is 1.2 degrees. The winding current in this case should be at least 3 A. If we consider single-phase modifications, then the driver for motors is suitable for a unipolar type.
The resistance of the winding on average fluctuates around 5 ohms. It is also important to pay attention to the threshold voltage of the motors. This parameter, as a rule, does not exceed 6 V. However, there are more powerful models on the market. The maximum inductance of the winding is 10 mH. At the same time, the current overload indicator is at the level of 4 A. A high-quality stepper motor for a drive in the region of 4,500 rubles will cost.
Printer engines
The choice of a stepper motor for a CNC printer is made only among three-phase modifications. Stators are more appropriate to choose a gear type. Magnetic cores must have high current conductivity. Thanks to them, the engine will accelerate smoothly. If we talk about the parameters, then the moment of retention of modifications for printers on average is 4 kg / cm. The threshold voltage itself fluctuates around 10 V.
The minimum inductance of the winding must be 8.5 mH. The step angle of the device should be at 1.3 degrees. Magnets in the presented modifications are often used constant and are cylindrical in shape. The gear ratio of the devices depends on the type of rotor. For unipolar drivers, models on the market are quite rare. The user is able to buy a good engine for a printer at a price of 3 thousand rubles.
Modifications for Laser Cutters
How to choose a laser cutter motor ? Many experts in this situation give preference to 10 V. models. Most often they are made with gear type stators. Magnetic cores in them have a fairly high conductivity. Directly rotors in engines are located in special bowls. Modifications of the bipolar type are rare on the market.
On average, the step angle of the models does not exceed 2 degrees. The maximum current load of the device is maintained at 5 A. The maximum inductance of the winding depends on the number of steps per revolution. The shaft diameter in the engine should be 5.5 mm. Today, high-quality devices for cutters are sold at a price of 4 thousand rubles.
Single Phase Modifications
Single-phase models are most suitable for milling machines. On average, their stride angle is 2.5 degrees. The maximum inductance of the device is maintained at 7 mH. By the number of steps per revolution, the models are quite different. There are many modifications on the market for 5 and 10 V. The gear ratio for them is approximately 1:54.
Bipolar modifications are capable of boasting high current conductivity. The rotors are most often mounted in charge steel. Cups for them are made with protrusions of different lengths. Buy in stores a set of stepper motors for CNC 5V can be for 4500 rubles.
Biphasic devices
The two-phase motor is good for printers. Power models are quite different. Modifications for unipolar drivers are distinguished by increased current conductivity. The threshold voltage indicator for them is on average 5 V. The rotor is standardly located in the cup. The shafts of the models are installed with a diameter of 5 mm. The step angle in the presented configurations does not exceed 2 degrees.
The winding current in this case is 4.5 A. Directly the moment of holding the motor depends on the magnetic circuit. If we consider models with a high-voltage winding, then this parameter is on average 3 kg / cm. The gear ratio of devices does not exceed 1:60. The resistance of the winding is an average of 8 ohms. On the stator in the presented modifications, four outputs are provided for connection. The stepper motor controller for CNC is found only in the bipolar type. There is a good two-phase modification of about 5 thousand rubles.
Three phase models
A three-phase motor is often used for linear drives. The threshold voltage indicator for it fluctuates around 5 V. Modifications with gear stators come on the market quite often. The magnetic cores of these models have a current conductivity index of 6 microns. Rotors are made, as a rule, of charge steel. The step angle of the models does not exceed 2.4 degrees. The holding moment in this case depends on the conductivity of the magnetic circuit. On average, this parameter fluctuates around 4 kg / cm.
The gear ratio of the models is 1:63. According to the resistance parameter, the windings of the device are very different. The minimum inductance index of the motors is 8.5 mH. Devices for four and six conclusions are made. You can buy a three-phase modification on the market for only 5 thousand rubles.
Motors with ULN2003 driver
This type of stepper motor for CNC is used for milling machines. His rotor is made of charge steel. The rotor cup itself is made with a high protrusion. The magnetic circuit is installed with a current conductivity of 4 microns. The stator in the device is gear type, and a low voltage winding is provided on it. The step angle in this case is 2.3 degrees. There are many modifications of the two-phase type on the market. The winding resistance index of them does not exceed 8 ohms. The minimum inductance parameter is 10 mH. You can buy a model of this type for 3500 rubles.
5 V modifications
A 5V stepper motor for CNC can be manufactured with a unipolar and bipolar driver. Magnetic cores in the devices used are different. Their current conductivity index is on average 5.5 microns. Stator cups are most often made with protrusions. Thus, the shaft is gaining momentum smoothly. The step angle of the models on average does not exceed 1.2 degrees.
The limiting current of the winding of the device is maintained at 6 A. The index of the moment of holding the motors is an average of 2 kg / cm. In this case, the minimum inductance of the winding does not exceed 6 mH. There is a good stepper motor for CNC 5 In the region of 4200 rubles.
10 V motors
A 10 V CNC stepper motor is often selected for printers that run on unipolar drivers. In this case, there are four outputs in the devices. Directly conductivity of the current fluctuates around 6 microns. The maximum step angle in the devices is 2.5 degrees. The winding inductance is at least 8 mH.
It should also be noted that the presented configurations can be used for working with linear drives. The stators in the devices are cup type. Magnets fit only permanent. In shape, they are made cylindrical. The moment of engine retention at 10 V averages 4.5 kg / cm. You can buy a good model for a printer in specialized stores at a price of 5 thousand rubles.