In 1979, the Nizhnekamsk reservoir was built in the Kama River Valley. Geographically, it is located in the east of the East European Plain. It is in this area that the Kama-Belskaya Lowland is located. The reservoir is quite young by age. It is filled with the waters of the main river, as well as the river. Izh, White and Ik. Thanks to this reservoir, seasonal runoff is regulated.
It is used mainly for water supply to nearby settlements. It is also worth noting that the Nizhnekamsk reservoir is a popular tourist attraction. Rest here is wonderful due to the nature. As for the climate, it is quite favorable. Numerous fishermen can be seen at the reservoir all year round, and in summer, beach lovers.
Characteristic
The reservoir area is very large, more than one thousand square kilometers. Geographically lies in the territory of three republics: Udmurtia, Bashkiria and Tatarstan. Belongs to channel reservoirs. The length between the extreme coastal points along the river. Kame is 185 km, and the length of the river. Belaya - 157 km. The maximum width is in the area below the mouth of the river. Izh, in this place it reaches 20 km. The depth of the Nizhnekamsk reservoir is different. Up to 50% - shallow water, where the bottom does not move away from the surface of the water by more than 2 meters. The average value is 3.3 m. However, there are also pits on the reservoir, the depth of which reaches 20 m. There is a current on the reservoir, during the low-water period its speed is up to 3 km / h, and in the flood increases by 2 units.
Features
Describing the reservoir, it is worth paying attention to its shape. It is presented in the form of a blade. The coastline is very indented, there are numerous terraces and bays. Also on the pond there are a large number of old lake and remnant islands. The total length of the coast is 830 km. The relief is significantly different on the east and west sides. The Nizhnekamsk reservoir is characterized by pronounced asymmetry of the slopes. They are heavily indented by beams and ravines. The right bank is steep in places. From the west there is a flat terrain, which is replaced by hills to the east. The floodplain of the reservoir is flooded. The bottom is mostly sandy, but with a large amount of clay and silt admixtures.
Given the large size of the reservoir, you can notice the division into several reaches. The largest is the Central, there is also the Upper, Dams. On the coastal territories there is a reserve Kama-Iksky and a national park, which is called "Lower Kama".
Climatic features
Nizhnekamsk reservoir is located in the zone of temperate continental climate. Seasonality is expressed quite clearly. The weather in summer is warm. In winter, temperatures below zero prevail. Fog clouds are a common occurrence accompanied by strong storms.
Often the temperature regime over land and a reservoir varies by several units. As a rule, fluctuations are about 2 ° C, but sometimes this figure can reach 12 ° C. Such characteristic changes in air temperature are explained by night breezes.
Strong stormy winds rage over the water for one to two days. During this period, the air flow rate varies from 6 to 20 m / s.
Animal world
The Nizhnekamsk reservoir impresses with the diversity of the animal world. In total, more than 40 species of fish live in the reservoir, 20 of which are commercial. This is silver carp, roach, bream, sabrefish, pike, perch and others. Also rare species are found in the reservoir: beluga, char, char, catfish, taimen and others. It is amazing that here you can sometimes find such animals that are unusual for this type of water area. This is a needle fish, a Black Sea-Caspian spider, a button head, and a round goby. Crayfish, leeches, mollusks, and water donkeys live in large numbers at the bottom .
This pond is the habitat of some species of birds. Above the water surface, you can often see how birds of prey soar: white-tailed eagle, golden eagle, eagle owl and others.
Vegetable world
The reservoir is striking in its diversity of flora. Scientists have discovered over 80 species of algae. Among them there are blue-green, dinofit, diatoms and others. Thanks to them, water is saturated with oxygen, which is so necessary for the life of underwater animals.
As for the coastal strip, vegetation can change dramatically here. For example, in shallow water, teloresis, reed, mannik, cattail prevail. In the channel sections, vegetation is practically absent. The most overgrown are the channels and bays.
On the shore you can find both shrubbery (willow, alder, talnik), and pine, oak forests. In the meadow areas grasses dominate - tansy, euphorbia, wormwood, yarrow and others. Closer to the water grows plantain, madder, and vole.
Nizhnekamsk reservoir: fishing
You can fish in a pond almost anywhere, with the exception of those sites that are related to nature protection zones. It’s better to drive up from the settlements - Izhevka, Zuevye Klyuchi, Byrginda, Krasny Bor. The most popular place is considered the mouth of the river. White. In order to get here, you need to take the direction to the village of Ust-Belsk (Udmurtia). The path from Izhevsk will be about 150 km along an asphalt road. Near the village you will need to take a gravel road, driving another 3 km. In any season, the entrance to the reservoir is excellent. There is a guarded parking lot - the cost is 100 rubles per day. Launches for boats and boats are equipped.
Many fishermen prefer to fish from boats. For a predator (pike, perch, pike perch) it is recommended to use spinning. Catfish is caught on the quok. Donka or feeder suitable for bream. From the end of April to the middle of June there is a spawning period during which fishing restrictions are established. In the summer season, the largest catches of chub and ide fall, and from the end of autumn until the first months of spring - burbot.
Rest on the Nizhnekamsk reservoir
Numerous recreation areas are located on the banks of such a water body as the Nizhnekamsk reservoir. Recreation centers, motels, dispensaries, fisherman houses provide tourists with excellent living conditions. Also in this area you can often find tent camps. The Nizhnekamsk reservoir is in demand due to its beautiful nature, clean fragrant air, unique flora and fauna. Many people prefer to relax in extreme conditions, and it should be noted that this has a kind of romance. But not everyone is able to abandon the benefits of civilization, even while in the forest. For such people, recreation centers will be the best solution.
One of such establishments is Camelot. It is located in the Borovetsky Forest zone. It is very close to the city of Naberezhnye Chelny. The base works year-round. Guests are accommodated in houses of different capacities and comforts. There is a manor for 20 people, as well as living quarters with a bathhouse.