Who is the winner? This is a person awarded a prize of national or international scale. In the article we will list the most famous awards of the second type. We also list the winners of the award established by the Swedish millionaire and researcher Alfred Nobel.
The meaning of the word "laureate"
This concept came to our speech from Latin. In the language of Virgil, it means "crowned with laurels." A laureate is (in the modern sense) a person who has been awarded a significant award for achievements in any field. In ancient Rome, this definition was endowed exclusively with poets.
The laureate is not only the winner of the award, but also the winner of the competition. In addition, this word denotes an honorary title. The most prestigious in the world are:
- Pulitzer Prize;
- MTV Video Music Awards;
- BRIT Awards;
- "Grammy";
- BAFTA;
- Booker Prize;
- "Oscar".
These awards are designed to celebrate the merits of people of art. As for scientists and public figures, the greatest of them were included in the list of prize winners, which will be discussed later.
Nobel Prize
Its history began at the beginning of the last century. She is awarded for outstanding services in the field of science (physics, chemistry, medicine) and literature. There is another category of the famous award, namely the Nobel Peace Prize.
The award process takes place every year in Oslo. Candidates are nominated by members of governments of various states, national parliaments and international courts, rectors of reputable educational institutions and persons previously awarded prizes. A special fund is responsible for the selection of laureates, whose members are appointed by the Norwegian parliament.
According to the decree of Alfred Nobel, which he set out in his will, a peace prize is received by persons who have contributed to the consolidation of peace. Among the distinguished politicians awarded this prize are Theodore Roosevelt, Martin Luther King, Andrey Sakharov, Lech Walesa, Mikhail Gorbachev, Kofi Annan. It can be obtained by either an individual person or a whole association. So, among the 2013 Nobel laureates there is an organization for the prohibition of chemical weapons. The association was created in the late 90s. Its task is formulated in the title itself.
Nobel Prize in Literature
Not all talented writers were awarded a medal depicting Alfred Nobel. And not every winner of this award belongs to the most popular and most widely read prose writers. However, the justice and objectivity of the Nobel Committee is a question related to a completely different topic. Here we will give a short list of writers and poets whose names are world famous and whose books are familiar to everyone who reads.
Literature Prize Laureates:
- Rudyard Kipling;
- Knut Hamsun;
- Anatole France;
- Bernard Show;
- Albert Camus.
Winston Churchill also entered the list of prize winners in literature. The legendary politician received this award for the high art of biographical and historical description and brilliant oratory.
Nobel laureates (USSR)
The literature prize at various times was received by Alexander Solzhenitsyn, Joseph Brodsky, Ivan Bunin, Mikhail Sholokhov, Boris Pasternak. The achievements of Soviet scientists have also been repeatedly noted by the Nobel Committee. Laureates from the USSR and Russia are Ivan Pavlov, Ilya Mechnikov, Lev Landau, Pyotr Kapitsa, Vitaliy Ginzburg.