Practical exercises are the key to successful specialist education. You can not become a real turner, just studying the theory of textbooks. Here you must first learn how to work at the machine. For this purpose, back in the 80s of the last century, the production of the TV-6 turning screw cutter was started. They released it at the Rostov factory of educational and machine-tool equipment. This machine was made to learn the basics that every turner should know. This model could be found in many schools and special educational institutions.
Appointment
The TV-6 lathe was designed to teach the basics of turning. Therefore, no sky-high characteristics need to be expected from him. The machine is suitable for the most simple operations:
- Cutting part of the workpiece.
- Boring of parts having a cylindrical (conical) shape.
The TV-6 lathe ("schoolboy", as it is also called) can work only with non-ferrous metals and steel. This choice is due to the fact that the material during processing should not emit volatile compounds and dust, which have a detrimental effect on others.
Main characteristics
The TV-6 lathe at the first inspection surprises with its small size. Weighing 300 kilograms, its length is 144 centimeters, width - 47 cm, height - 110 cm. Thanks to this, the machine fits perfectly even in small workshops.
The result of small dimensions is the small size of the parts that can be processed on the machine. The unit allows you to work with the part, the length of which does not exceed 35 cm. At the same time, it is possible to grind through the gap, the length of which is not more than 30 cm. If we talk about the height, details with a diameter of up to 20 cm can be processed above the bed. Over the support, this value is only 8 centimeters.
The main characteristics in comparison with the indicators of other units can be seen in the photo below.
The device of the TV-6 lathe
A better understanding of the capabilities of the device will help understanding of what components and mechanisms the unit consists of. After all, it is the design that provides the specified technical characteristics.
The design is represented by the following main mechanisms:
- Curbstone (conditionally divided into two parts).
- Grandma (also conditionally distinguish the front and back).
The 6-speed gearbox is the front hub. A shaft is attached to it, which transmits rotation from the engine. For this, a belt drive is used. The direction of movement of the tool holder changes due to the special mechanism installed in the box. This is adjusted using the handle. When it is rotated, the gear moves to one of the extreme positions. If the gear rotates to the left, then the process of direct rotation occurs. A gear block is involved in this process . If the gear wheel moves to the right position, it rotates in the opposite direction. Protects the rear node from radial runout. In addition, it allows you to process holes with a drill.
Let's analyze the device of the screw-cutting machine TV-6 in more detail. To do this, we consider its main mechanisms and components (their operating principle and device) separately.
Stand
The design of the lathe divides the cabinet into two parts: front and rear. They have a similar but different device.
The front stand is assembled in the shape of the letter "P". To make the structure more durable, stiffeners are mounted on the bottom and top. The engine is located at the rear of the cabinet. It turns on (off) by pressing the button, which is located in front of the cabinet.
The difference between the rear curbstone is that its design instead of the engine includes an electric shield.
Guitar and gearbox
Guitar is the gear mechanism of gears. It is necessary to transmit movement from the main shaft directly to the box. The guitar is a bracket with gears fixed on it. The TV-6 lathe has a constant gear ratio, which is equal to one fourth.
The guitar transfers the rotation to the gearbox. It, in turn, consists of the following details:
- Gears (5 pcs. With different characteristics).
- The handle for the settings (2 pcs.).
Thread parameters are determined by changing the settings of the handle, which is located on the front side of the gearbox. When it rotates (and it has 3 positions), the gear block moving along the splines engages the other gear. On the panel panel there is another handle that launches the roller and screw.
Apron
An apron is necessary to feed the caliper from the travel roller (screw) mechanically or manually. If you need to feed manually, rotate the flywheel, which is located on the pinion shaft. The latter closes with the gear, which is located on the pinion gear roller.
A worm connected by a sliding key to the roller provides mechanical feed. He transfers the movement to the worm gear. From it, along the next gear wheel and cam clutch, the movement is transmitted to the rack gear. The cam clutch is connected to the handle, the rotation of which leads to a mechanical feed.
Caliper
Installation of cutters in a lathe for metal TV-6 is carried out thanks to the support. Due to the presence of 4 sleds (carriages), the incisors move:
- Along the guides in the axial direction.
- In the direction perpendicular to the movement of the first carriage.
- In the axial direction along the guides of the third slide.
The carriages are mounted in series, i.e. on top of each other. The part is fixed on the fourth carriage using a special mechanism. When turning the handle, the mechanism is wrung out, and its position is fixed with a pin.
Grandmother
The second end of the part when machining on a TV-6 lathe is fixed with the help of a tailstock. It has a base and a housing, due to which it is attached to the guides of the bed. On them the grandmother and carries out the movement. Inside, due to the flywheel, the pinol moves in the longitudinal direction. Drills, chucks and other tools are inserted into the internal pinhole, resembling a cone in shape.
Reviews
The TV-6 lathe is an excellent representative of the times of the Soviet Union. Made in the eighties of the last century, it is still found. And many users are not going to refuse it. This is a reliable, durable machine that performs its functions efficiently.
When deciding to purchase this model of a lathe, experienced users are advised to answer two main questions for themselves:
- What types of work are planned to be performed on the machine.
Of course, modern imported analogues bypass the TV-6 machine in accuracy. But if you need to remove a thicker layer of metal, then there is no match for a “schoolboy”.
As for the second question, not all work the machine is capable of performing. For example, as some of the users note, the machine failed to sharpen the pipe for the cutters. To expand the functionality you will need a set of interchangeable gears, which are necessary for threading with a cutter. They will allow you to change the step size if necessary.
Among the shortcomings can be called the fact that the machine runs on an electric network with a voltage of 380 V. If there is no power line at home, then the device needs to be redone for 220 V. Another disadvantage of this lathe is that it makes very loud noise during operation. But on the other hand, if you install it in your private yard, then there will be no problems with this.
As you can see, the domestic lathe for working with metal TV-6, which was produced with the aim of teaching turning skills, has found its application in everyday life. It is used by many fans to make useful homemade products with their own hands. This is a reliable, durable unit, which even after almost four decades is in demand.