Despite the growing popularity of diesel cars, Russians continue to drive gasoline cars. These cars have their pros and cons. But the main difference in the method of ignition of the combustible mixture. If in a diesel engine it ignites due to compression force, then a whole system is provided on gasoline. It combines candles, a distributor of ignition and coils. Also an integral component are high-voltage wires. How to check the armored vehicles in different ways? We will talk about this in our article today.
a brief description of
This item is available only on gasoline engines. It is an integral component of the ignition system. The main task of a high-voltage wire in a car engine is to transmit an electrical impulse from a coil to a candle.
The number of ignition wires can be different, depending on the number of cylinders in the engine. The element itself consists of:
- Metal contact.
- Isolation.
- Conducting vein.
- Protective cap.
During operation, it is important to keep the wire in good condition. After all, it is from him that the stability of the motor in all modes depends.
Key features
How to determine that a high-voltage drive has become unusable? Outwardly, these factors are accompanied by increased fuel consumption, difficult engine starting and unstable idling.
These signs can be equated with “triple” when one of the cylinders does not work in the engine. In fact, it is - a spark is supplied to the candle intermittently or does not arrive at all. As a result, the piston is idling, there is an overspending of fuel. Next, we will consider how to check the armored wire with a multimeter with your own hands.
Diagnostics: method number 1
First you need to open the hood and disconnect the wire from the seat (where it is in contact with the candle on one side and with the coil on the other). We install the tester in the resistance measurement mode. How to check the armored wire with a multimeter on a VAZ? After that, connect the probes to both terminals. Polarity does not matter. Then we look at the readings of the multimeter. Ideally, it should give a figure of 3-10 ohms. If the value is lower than three or zero at all, then the element has become unusable. Also note that on different motors this parameter will be different. On average, the resistance value will be about 5 ohms. Some manufacturers indicate this option directly on the wire. After measuring the readings, install the wire in place and proceed to the next. All results are written in a notebook.
Here's how to check the armor wire with a tester. In addition, we note that all indications should not differ significantly. Permissible error - no more than 4 Ohms. Even if there is resistance, the wires change entirely with a large difference in readings. This equates to a malfunction.
note
When conducting a diagnostic operation, you should not pull out all the wires at once. Each of them is responsible for its cylinder. If they are confused, the car simply will not start. Therefore, we check each in turn or pre-sign for which cylinder he is responsible for.
Diagnostics: method number 2
How to check the armored vehicles at the VAZ and other cars, if there is no specialized tester? You can diagnose items visually. But for this we need a complete absence of light. So, we start the engine and open the hood. We look at the condition of the wires without a flashlight. If small sparks emanate from them, then the elements have become unusable. This occurs during breakdown of insulation. Usually sparks have a bluish-white hue and they slip very quickly. In daylight, it is almost impossible to notice them with the naked eye.
But in the dark, they can be clearly seen on a running motor. In this case, the engine will not always be troit. A similar phenomenon occurs already at a late stage, when the breakdown has finally occurred. You can also hear characteristic clicks. This means that the current from the coil does not move to the candle, but to nearby metal objects - for example, the exhaust manifold.
Now you know how to check the armored wire without a tester. But there is another method that does not require a multimeter. We will consider it further.
How to check the armored wire? Method number 3
Another proven method is to install a known new good wire. The essence of the check is very simple. We take a new package with wires and begin to put each one in its cylinder one at a time. If the trip was gone, then one of the old ones had a breakdown of isolation. But do not forget that they are not universal wires. Each is responsible for his cylinder. How to determine which wire from the new package is responsible for? Everything is simple - you need to find out their length. Each wire has a different one.
Reasons for the malfunction
These items may malfunction due to current leakage and open circuit. These are the main causes of high voltage wire failures. An open circuit usually occurs at the point where the metal contact connects to the core. This is due to:
- Careless dismantling of the wire (it is strictly forbidden to pull it by the cord - only by the rubber cap).
- Oxidation or destruction of the core.
- Poor connection to system pins.
Also at the point of rupture, spontaneous sparking occurs, causing excessive heating and, as a consequence, the melting of the wire.
As for current leakage, it occurs due to pollution:
- Contacts of candles.
- Distributor caps.
- Coils
Sometimes leakage occurs due to damage to the insulation and rubber caps of the wire. In view of this, their dielectric properties deteriorate.
Another reason is constant vibrations. They can be amplified if one of the engine mounts is worn. With constant vibration, contact between the cord and the ignition distributor cover, as well as the spark plug, deteriorates. In winter, the wires become stiff, so their likelihood of damage along with vibrations increases significantly.
Conclusion
So, we found out how to check the armored vehicles in different ways with our own hands. If a breakdown is detected, do not hesitate to fix it. This may adversely affect motor performance.