In almost every state at all times, the main priority was order and law. Indeed, it is only on the basis of these two components that we can ensure competent interaction and well-established work of all government bodies without exception. In addition, the degree of public confidence in the state in the person of its individual bodies, which ensure law and order, is of great importance. It should be noted that these two categories are the source of the main regulator of public relations, namely law. It is thanks to him that we can talk about any regulation of certain spheres of human activity. After all, if there is no right, then in fact there is no need to organize order in the country, since there is still nothing to be based on.
As for the Russian Federation, from time immemorial in this country, special authorities that provided law and order had a rather significant role to play. This trend has not outlived to this day. Modern law enforcement bodies of the Russian Federation have a structural organization that allows them to fulfill their tasks and functions as quickly as possible. But in the system of these bodies there are departments whose goals are distinguished by a peculiar specificity. The Organization for Combating Organized Crime, which will be discussed later in the article, can be classified as such.
Crime concept
The law enforcement system exists in a particular state for a reason. In the legal sphere, there is such a thing as crime. This is a socially determined, negative, from the point of view of criminal law, phenomenon that manifests itself in a given period of time in a particular territory of a certain state. In fact, crime is the totality of all crimes committed. From the point of view of the criminal legal characteristics, this phenomenon is extremely negative. Therefore, the fight against crime is carried out through special law enforcement agencies that implement the activity of the same name.
Law Enforcement Activities
As mentioned earlier, the fight against crime is carried out through law enforcement. At its core, it is a type of state response to unlawful actions by specific entities. Law enforcement is carried out by specially authorized bodies and their employees. In addition, given the legal nature of this phenomenon, we can say that it is implemented within the framework of several legal sectors, namely, administrative and criminal. Moreover, in the criminal law sphere there is a struggle against the most dangerous unlawful acts called crimes.
Signs of law enforcement
The phenomenon presented above is characterized not only by a protective sign, but also has a number of other features. For example, according to the current legislation of the Russian Federation, authorized bodies in the framework of law enforcement are empowered to restrict the freedoms of citizens. In addition, there are also a number of other signs, namely:
- All measures of influence in the framework of law enforcement are purely legal. That is, any methods without fail have regulatory reinforcement expressed by existing acts.
- The implementation of this type of activity takes place in an exceptional manner and should not go beyond the scope of legislative norms. This is the principle of the legality of the work of all government agencies.
- Law enforcement is carried out only by authorized bodies.
Given the features presented, we can talk about the specifics of the law enforcement aspect in the Russian Federation.
Ministry of the Interior of the Russian Federation
Today in the Russian Federation, the main law enforcement agency is the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. This body has a fairly rich and long history of formation. Some units and services of the Ministry of Internal Affairs had their prototypes back in the days of the Russian Empire. In the modern Russian Federation, the Ministry of the Interior is a federal executive authority that ensures law and order, the fight against crimes, and also develops regulation standards in the field of internal affairs of the state. The Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia provides for the military, federal civil and law enforcement civil service.
Ministry structure
The structure of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia includes three main "blocks", which, in turn, are divided into smaller departments. More precisely, the presented system consists of the following elements, namely:
- Directly internal affairs bodies, which include the police of the Russian Federation.
- Internal troops.
- Special units and bodies that were created to ensure the activities of the ministry.
Thus, the structure of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia is a rather specific set of various bodies and departments. But in this article, the author would like to reveal the features of one of the specific units of the Russian police. In this case, we are talking about such a department as the Organized Crime Control Department. For a long period of time, this truly legendary unit carried out activities aimed at combating organized crime. Moreover, not only the Organized Crime Control Department itself is of interest, but also the characteristic features of the fight against crime of the kind presented. After all, such illegal acts are very difficult to identify and bring the perpetrators to justice. The features of the struggle in this area of law enforcement will also be described in more detail later in the article.
UBOP: transcript
The Organized Crime Control Department, or RUBOP, as this unit was once called, performed a number of rather specific tasks. More precisely, such groups were engaged in the disclosure of crimes related to organized crime or directly carried out by criminal organizations. At its core, the Organized Crime Control Department was an operational unit, that is, it had the authority to conduct operational investigative activities. The formation was divided into smaller departments, which were created depending on the needs of the fight against crimes of a specific specificity. An example of this is the 5th department, which was engaged in the development of thieves in law and the authorities of the criminal world. Thus, the regional department for combating organized crime is a special forces unit in the structure of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation, which carries out the fight against organized crime.
Organized crime and measures to combat it
The fight against organized crime, as mentioned earlier in the article, was once carried out by such a unit as RUBOP. But quite often the question is not clear about what constitutes organized crime in general. This is a specific form of crime that arises as a result of the activities of gangs, criminal organizations, criminal communities, and other similar groups of an illegal nature. As a rule, this activity is based on a close relationship between criminals and state authorities, through various mechanisms of a corrupt nature.
It should be noted that in criminological science, the problems of the phenomenon of organized crime are often touched upon. Because the organization of competent opposition to the spread of this negative factor requires the development of theoretical concepts. However, some measures to combat organized crime have still been developed, for example:
- it is necessary to pay attention to the distribution of income and values from unknown sources to specific individuals who have links with criminal groups;
- provide control over the most active people who are below the poverty line;
- provide control over the most active individuals who belong to the demoralized environment of society;
- to inform the population about the negative consequences that the creation of criminal groups and the commission of crimes in general may entail.
It should be noted that some measures to combat crime in the activities of the Organized Crime Control Department were of a hidden nature, because they were carried out in the process of performing certain operational-search actions.
History of the Organized Crime Control Department
It should be noted that the Organized Crime Control Department, the decoding of which is presented in the article, did not always exist. This unit appeared after the collapse of the Soviet Union. Of course, the need for its existence was in the times of the USSR, but then the functions of the Organized Crime Control Department were carried out by various structural elements of the Ministry of Internal Affairs.
Thus, after the Soviet Union ceases to exist, the Main Directorate of the Ministry of Internal Affairs becomes the Main Directorate for Combating Organized Crime. It was also part of the Ministry of the Interior, but already of the Russian Federation.
In 1993, the reorganization of the relevant regional departments was carried out. At this time, there already existed such units as the department of the Organized Crime Control Department, which were part of the GUVD structure. However, the founding year of RUBOP is 1996. Because it was at this time that the departments of the same name left the subordination of the Central Internal Affairs Directorate and became exclusively controlled by the Office. It should be noted that in a number of other CIS countries there are units similar to the Organized Crime Control Department. Ukraine in this sense is no exception. Organized crime units in this state are very similar to Russian, if you do not take into account the specifics of legal regulation.
The fate of the unit
The Organized Crime Control Department, whose employees actively fought against organized crime, lasted in its original form until 2001. After that, the heads of the Ministry of Internal Affairs decide to reorganize this formation. Since this year RUBOP has virtually ceased to exist. Based on it, operational investigative bureaus were created, which became a direct part of the criminal police of the Russian Federation. In this form, the service lasted until 2008, after which departments based on the fight against extremism were created on its basis.
Scope of RUBOP
The Department for Combating Organized Crime was engaged in specific work, which was aimed at combating organized crime, as mentioned earlier in the article. It should be noted that RUBOP is an exclusively operational unit. That is, in its structure there were no inquiry and investigation services. Thus, RUBOP could not initiate criminal proceedings. As for the activities of this unit, this aspect is clearly visible in the work of specific departments. The following units existed in the RUBOP structure:
- In the third section, we were engaged in the fight against crimes related to kidnapping, as well as the release of hostages.
- The fourth department is a unit created to combat banditry.
- In the fifth section, thieves in law and other authorities of the criminal world were developed, which was already mentioned earlier in the article.
- The sixth and seventh departments dealt with corruption and economic crimes committed by criminal organizations.
- The eighth division was fighting ethnic crimes.
- In the ninth and tenth divisions, operational officers fought against transnational crime and arms trafficking in the state.
It should be noted that RUBOP units in their system also had a force support department called SOBR. Given the presented scope of activities of various departments of the said department, we can conclude that the work of this unit is indeed an important and indispensable contribution to the process of combating organized crime in the Russian Federation.
The fight against extremism
RUBOP, the decoding of which was given in this article, does not exist today. Instead of this legendary unit, the Office for Combating Extremism was created. This is a completely independent structure, reporting exclusively to the central apparatus of the Ministry of the Interior. He is entrusted with the tasks of ensuring and implementing policies to protect the state from the spread of extremist activity on its territory. In addition, the management also performs a number of other, no less interesting functions, namely:
- the formation of policies and regulatory frameworks in the established area of work;
- Improving management in the field of ensuring the safety of public relations from the negative impact of extremists;
- organization of counteraction to extremist activity;
Conclusion
So, the author tried to talk about such a unit as RUBOP. The decoding, history and scope of this service were also presented in this article. It should be noted that over the course of its existence RUBOP employees brought to justice a large number of criminals, and also made a significant contribution to the fight against organized crime.