Drilling machines are units for processing and drilling holes. They are used for countersinking, cutting, drilling, carving, as well as other types of processing parts of the product. The main tools that are used in drilling machines are taps, drills, countersinks, and other types of cutters.
The principle of operation of this equipment is the rotation and
translational movement of the tool along a certain axis. Drilling machines, depending on their characteristics, can be divided into classes: horizontally drilling, vertically drilling, boring, central and multi-spindle. Moreover, they are subdivided according to the material being processed. There is equipment for processing and drilling of metal, stone, plastic, wood, glass, etc.
Most common are vertical drilling machines . Their distinctive feature is that the spindle is located vertically, while the workpiece is mounted on the table of the machine itself. Alignment and alignment of the tool with the part occurs by moving the part across the table. They are used for processing and drilling small parts. Widespread in workshops for the repair of equipment, as well as in the manufacture of small batches of products.
To process parts that are large in size, horizontal drilling machines are used. In them, the part is fixed motionless, while the combination of all the machined holes occurs by moving the spindle. They are used for processing and drilling holes of a large recess.
For machining parts with multiple holes, a multi-spindle drilling machine is used. Its characteristic allows the simultaneous processing of several holes. There are models with fixed and interchangeable spindles. Centering machines are needed for drilling and machining holes in the end of a part. These machines are equipped with cutters to remove part of the parts before centering.
To perform several functions, there are models that can carry out operations for milling, drilling, cutting. These are aggregate or combined devices, which include a detachable, boring, milling drilling machine. The price of it depends primarily on the number of tasks performed. Programming modern equipment can reduce costs and time for processing all holes of parts, while improving the quality of work.
In its design, there may be a device for supplying special coolant to the surface. These devices are mounted on drilling machines during the processing of hard materials, which is done to avoid damage and overheating of the tool. The main technical characteristics of the equipment are the machine power, the maximum drilling size, the possible hole depth, the spindle stroke along with its speed, the dimensions of the table and workpiece, the dimensions and weight of the entire machine, and the spindle cone.