Drawing in the older group, depending on the program of the direction of the kindergarten, can go along the standard and non-standard paths. That is, traditionally, a child learns to draw with pencils (simple, wax), paints (watercolors, gouache).
And in creative circles, children use different techniques (spraying, blotting with threads and tubes, drawing with soap bubbles, pokes, fingers, palm, candles, leaves, wet painting, airbrushing, scratching, monotype, print) and mix materials (for example, crayons with watercolor). Nowadays, many modern teachers of state kindergartens are trying to diversify drawing classes with unusual techniques.
Preliminary work on visual activities
Drawing in the senior group is aimed at consolidating and detailing the previously acquired knowledge. Children can draw shapes of geometric shapes (circle, cylinder, triangle, square, rectangle) and transmit them through the image of vegetables, animals, people, birds. In older preschool age, it is necessary to more detail the transmitted image, focusing on its signs.
For example, a child freely depicts his family. Then you need to tell that the father is higher than the mother, which is higher than the children, and the smallest one is the preschool child. In addition, you need to help with the proportions of the body: the body is divided into two parts, the elbows should end where the “belt” is. The face should also be harmonious and correct.
In order for the children to better understand the signs, proportions, properties of the objects depicted, the educator every day carries out work to develop their perception of the surrounding world. Without this, not a single drawing (senior group) can take place. Kindergarten provides the necessary material for classes, and teachers with parents should expand their horizons in children.
Visual skills of a senior preschooler
Teachers, along with the guys on the street, study the phenomena of weather, examine objects, and in the group, they consolidate the knowledge gained through modeling, application, cutting out shapes and shapes, and circling patterns. As soon as the children remember all the signs, they try to draw for themselves.
Then, an analysis of the errors of the obtained figures is carried out. Based on this, one or another drawing technique is selected. For example, you need to circle by points, numbers, or draw a symmetrically depicted drawing in cells. Children must learn to arrange all objects harmoniously in space, to transmit realistic images on a sheet.
In addition, painting in the older group should develop a sense of color, aesthetic taste. A variety of techniques help. For example, children make an abstract picture of splashes, transmit the image of autumn through the prints of leaves, brush marks. They can draw with soap bubbles (shampoo is mixed with paints), a candle, and then paint the background with watercolor. All this contributes to the development of creative abilities, imagination, broadening the horizons of senior preschoolers.
We draw vegetables
It’s easier for a child to master drawing vegetables. In the older group, the lesson is built on increasing complexity:
- children study the shape and appearance of the vegetable in pictures, visual aids, real objects (feel, pronounce);
- preschoolers draw a geometric shape;
- adjust the appearance of the vegetable;
- outline the main lines, bulges and other small elements with a pencil;
- paint with paints, pencils, felt-tip pens, marker.
For example, a cucumber resembles an oval in shape. Next, one end of the oval is lengthened, narrowed. Then, from the other end, draw the tail of the vegetable, mark “pimples” and groove lines on the body. Then they color the cucumber, showing dark and light skin tones.
Or take, for example, carrots. A triangle is drawn. Then one side is rounded, the borders of the vegetable are made smoother. Next, leaves and roots are depicted. Then carrots are painted with paints.
As soon as the drawing of vegetables in the older group is mastered, the children switch to the image of still lifes. First, this is drawing linear visual objects, then vegetables on a plate or other utensils. The most difficult level is the image of objects from memory. To do this, before the lesson, they talk about the features of the appearance of the vegetable / vegetables, after which the children begin to complete the task (immediately with paints).
Draw animals
Older preschoolers already know how to portray animals, but more often they are fabulous, animated (in dresses and suits, walk on two legs, eat with their paws). The task of the educator is to achieve a realistic image transfer. For this, visual activity takes place in parallel with applications, modeling, reading, acquaintance with the outside world.
To begin with, children study the structural features of the body, then try to find common properties with familiar shapes (for example, the head is round, the body is oval, the ears are triangular). In addition to the similarities, attention is focused on existing discrepancies, the slope of objects, their spatial position.
Consider drawing animals in the older group using the example of a hedgehog, a sheep and a puppy. To draw a hedgehog in a clearing, do the following:
- find the center of the sheet where the animal will be located;
- draw an oval (body);
- from one edge you outline the nose in the form of a carrot;
- draw a round eye, nose, oval legs, chopsticks mouth, needles;
- outline grass, sun, clouds;
- then paint with colors, taking into account color transitions.
Image of a sheep, puppy
How to draw a sheep :
- draw a circle (body);
- determine the inclination of the head;
- outline an oval (head);
- draw the body in a zigzag pattern, creating curls;
- on the head you draw eyes;
- stick four legs with chopsticks;
- draw the "feet" of the legs, nose with dots, pupils of the eyes, ears;
- decorate.
The most difficult stage is the detailed drawing in the senior group. Here's how to draw a puppy :
- depict an oval torso, a round head, given the slope;
- draw a circle (muzzle) in the middle, line the neck, legs with rectangular strokes and ovals (feet) with lines;
- schematically determine the symmetry of the muzzle, outlining the position of the eyes, nose, draw ears;
- portray eyes, mouth;
- instead of circles on the paws, draw fingers, draw the tail;
- erase excess lines, outline the direction of the coat.
Such difficult classes are held individually with children in classes in drawing circles.
Drawing "Mushrooms" in the senior group
Children often depict mushrooms with a vertical and horizontal oval. They especially like to decorate the fly agaric. It can be depicted with a convex oval or triangular hat. To draw a fly agaric with an oval hat, you need to determine its location on a sheet, mark an ellipsoidal oval with a vertical stick. Next, draw the leg of the fly agaric.
Divide the ellipse: on top of the hat draw circles, and below, on the leg, a white collar. Thus, you can draw large and small mushrooms in a clearing. To get a hat of a triangular shape, make the top of the fly agaric with a knoll. Under the hat depict the oval outline of the inner layers. For such a "curly" mushroom, draw a leg below with a thickening. This is a simple drawing.
Mushrooms in the older group can be portrayed more naturally. To do this, do the following:
- mentally determine their location;
- draw a foreground with a pencil, drawing a leaf and a rectangular leg of a small boletus;
- now he draws a hat that looks like half an oval;
- then draw another leaf and leg of the adjacent large mushroom, which "looks" in the opposite direction;
- at this boletus you represent a flat oval hat;
- go to the largest mushroom, standing behind two;
- also draw a leg in the form of a trapezoid, and on top a hat resembling a horizontal egg;
- on the hat of the largest mushroom, select the upper dark side and the lower white layer;
- draw weed.
More often, mushrooms grow in the rain. How to draw it realistically, without "sticks", we will consider further.
Drawing "It's raining"
The older group already determines the features of rain (mushroom, blind, torrential, autumn, summer). The teacher only needs to focus on the fact that the drops are depicted in one direction. First, children draw clouds with raindrops, then portray people with an umbrella, at the last stage, preschoolers portray rain "on the other side of the window."
What to look for when displaying rain clouds.
- If the clouds are close, then the rain is represented by oblong drops of different sizes, but in one direction. Drops start from the middle of the cloud, and not from the edge. Bottom and up clouds are darker in color than the foreground.
- If the clouds are far away, then under them blend the background with a pencil, forming a continuous storm flow. Then, strokes on it define individual drops of rain.
This is a simple drawing (“It's raining”). The older group may well depict "natural" weather phenomena. The following rules will help.
- Rain is always depicted on a dark background, regardless of whether you paint with paints, pencils, pastel, oil.
- The rain lines are depicted parallel to each other.
- You transmit bright drops through the pressure of the eraser, a candle, a different color scheme or a special bristled fan brush.
If you want to portray rain as a natural phenomenon, then draw a landscape, and after a while, after a while, apply drops of light with solid inclined strokes. If you make the drops with an eraser, then first draw the directions with the wide side, and then with the help of a strong press, create a glare of the drops with a sharp corner.
People in heavy rain are depicted in the same way. But attention is paid not only to the direction of the rain, the shape of the drops, but also to the puddles, the power of the spray. This is taught to preschoolers in individual drawing classes.
Draw autumn
October is a month of autumn competitions. The teacher needs to fix the weather properties with the children through drawing ("Autumn"). The older group compares all the autumn months, finds similarities and differences, remembers color transitions. The simplest task is when the children depict a lonely tree. For this, its place is first determined, the trunk and branches are marked with a “slingshot”.
Then, small checkmarks are also schematically applied to the branches. With the help of paint, the thickness of the trunk and branches "grows". On top of the branches foliage is depicted in different colors (red, orange, yellow). Now it remains to draw a lawn, sky, clouds, the sun and the shadow of a tree.
Autumn can be represented by drawing leaf fall. Here, children reinforce knowledge of trees. The easiest option is to portray autumn with prints (this method is most preferred by the older group).
Drawing: Autumn Theme
- Collect different sheets from the trees.
- Spread them on a piece of paper.
- Next, take a leaf, smear it abundantly from the wrong side with red, yellow, orange paint (especially carefully coat the veins).
- Put the sheet with the painted inside on the landscape sheet, press it with your palm.
- Do this work with other sheets, choosing a different color.
- Now the leaves are no longer needed. Prints are drawn with a brush, paints. Note that leaf veins act as a trunk and branches of a tree.
You can draw tree trunks with branches, and put leaf dots with your fingers. This is also liked by preschoolers of any age. For the competition, many children, showing imagination, paint an image of autumn with a female face and leaves instead of hair. Thus, knowledge about the proportions of the human face, leaves, trees and the colors of autumn is fixed.
Draw birds
Drawing a bird in the older group takes place according to the same plan as the lesson on the image of animals. First, all the details are compared with geometric shapes, focusing on movement, tilting the head, positioning on the album sheet. Here is an example (drawing a peacock):
- draw an oval torso;
- round head on top;
- the neck goes from the head along the oval;
- draw triangular wings on the body;
- add paws with three fingers to the oval;
- on the head draw round eyes, a triangular beak;
- from one wing to another, you outline a loose tail, similar to chamomile petals;
- paint the bird with paints.
Drawing in the older group allows you to depict birds from different sides, in action. Here's what a rooster profile looks like. Start work from the head. Draw a circle, mark the eye, a triangular beak with a transverse line, an oval beard and a comb of three petals.
From the head, draw a neck with a collar similar to the shape of a flared skirt. From it you continue the concave body, resembling a crescent moon together with the neck. Next, draw a tail of eight feathers: the first long, raised up, four feathers start from the end of the body, the last short, go into the third of the body and hang down.
A wing, legs with four fingers and spurs are drawn on the body by a line. On the wing, steep horizontal arcs indicate feathers, and vertical lines indicate long feathers. Claws are drawn on the fingers in small arcs.
How to write a synopsis of visual activity
The abstract of drawing in the senior group is written according to the following plan.
- Theme of the lesson. Usually taken from a program.
- Purpose . Three to five tasks of this lesson are prescribed, implying the acquisition of new knowledge and the consolidation of existing skills.
- The material . Instrumentation is indicated, right down to the last brush. What techniques will be applied, what equipment will be needed.
- The course of the lesson. The theoretical part begins with preliminary work on the topic. So, a fairy-tale character can come to visit, who needs to be drawn or who needs help to portray something. With the help of poems, stories, viewing paintings, visual material, the necessary properties of the object to be drawn are revealed. Then, in practice, the children complete the task, and at the end of the lesson conclusions are drawn about the knowledge gained.
Nowadays, in kindergartens, classes are called the term "direct educational activity" (GCD). Drawing in the older group from this has not changed its essence. Didactic games, game techniques, and various techniques are also used to make children want to draw the right object or phenomenon.