Each country has its own preferential categories of citizens. They have special rights to support from the state. For example, for free provision of medicines or additional cash payments. What can be said about Russia in relation to this issue? Who are the preferential categories of the population? What type of support can I get in a particular case? Where and how are benefits issued? Actually, understanding all this is not so difficult. It’s harder to remember what bonuses are given to beneficiaries. Very often the list of these is huge.
Full list
In fact, there are more beneficiaries in Russia than it might seem. Not everyone knows in which cases citizens have special rights to social support. Now an approximate list of preferential categories of citizens will be presented to attention. Sometimes it is necessary to take into account the region where the person lives - somewhere bonuses from the state are given to certain sections of the population, somewhere not. Therefore, the question requires thorough study.
The list of preferential categories of citizens most often includes:
- children under 3 years old;
- disabled children;
- disabled adults;
- seniors;
- the military;
- large families;
- needy;
- unemployed;
- young families;
- donors
- Veterans (labor, WWII).
Also, beneficiaries often include disabled citizens, dependents who have lost a breadwinner, and widows of the military. Women on maternity leave, as well as pregnant women, also sometimes have special rights.
Children
Social protection of the population is a responsibility that is attributed to each state. It should somehow help those who live within a given territory. It has already been said that each category of persons has its own benefits and bonuses from the state. But which ones? About all a little in order.
Young children have special rights in Russia. They can travel for free by public transport if they do not occupy a separate seat. Students with the appropriate certificate are able to buy tickets at a lower price.
Also in Russia, drug provision is provided for privileged categories of citizens. Children under three years old are included in this list. True, not all medicines are given out for free. It is recommended to find out the exact list in the clinic at the place of residence in which the child is attached. According to a certain prescription, many medicines are given to children for free. Or sold at a discount to one degree or another.
Children with disabilities can receive a special pension. To do this, it is enough for parents to contact the so-called social service with a specific list of papers. Namely, with:
- statement;
- passport of the legal representative;
- bank account details;
- birth certificate and marriage, if any;
- certificates of minor health;
- SNILSami legal representative and baby.
Veterans
Social protection of the population is extremely important. The next category of citizens who are entitled to certain benefits in Russia are veterans. And any. The basic list of benefits and social support, as in most cases, is regulated at the regional level. Therefore, the exact list of opportunities for various beneficiaries needs to be clarified in each city.
Veterans have the right to:
- drug provision;
- obtaining prostheses (with the exception of dentures);
- out of turn medical care (free of charge);
- additional pension benefits;
- tax deductions;
- exemption from taxes on property and transport (not always);
- free travel by public transport (not on everything and not everywhere);
- discounts on medicines in pharmacies;
- 50% discount on housing and communal services;
- installation of a home phone out of turn;
- compensation for the costs of funeral services (paid to relatives).
Some veterans are eligible for free housing or land. For example, such an opportunity is attributed to the citizens-heroes of the Russian Federation and the USSR. The remaining veterans will have to provide themselves with housing on general terms. This is the kind of social protection provided for in Russia. But that is not all!
Large
The thing is that each category of population has its own bonuses from the government. What is supposed to have many children? Such people can receive various types of support for a long time. From benefits and payments to housing.
Large families include the presence of three minor children in a family. Moreover, it does not matter, adopted or relatives. The main thing is that minors are legally brought up in the cell of society.
Preferential categories of citizens generally have different bonuses everywhere. Many children have almost as many as veterans. Moreover, they are the same everywhere. Regardless of the region of residence, large families have the right to:
- provision of medicines;
- payments laid on children under 16 years of age;
- all standard baby benefits;
- free places in kindergartens;
- free meals in educational institutions;
- providing school uniforms and some school supplies;
- obtaining maternity capital (federal and regional);
- free housing;
- obtaining land in the region of residence free of charge in the property;
- allowances by September 1;
- the opportunity for children to visit museums for free once a month (sometimes more).
In general, now in Russia they are trying as much as possible to support large families. Therefore, such citizens are paid benefits depending on the number of minors in the cell of society. Also, all families with children can receive tax deductions.
Disabled adults
What can people with disabilities who are already 18 years old apply for? Much depends on the disability group. But in general, the social protection of the population belonging to this category is similar.
Disabled adults get benefits when entering universities. They may also be given increased scholarships. In this category of the population, the payment of a pension is mandatory. Its size depends on the disability group.
If necessary, citizens are provided with free treatment, medicines, rehabilitation devices, prostheses. Or it is proposed to pay compensation for all previously listed purchases.
At work, people with disabilities are required to provide suitable working conditions, they cannot work at night shifts, overtime - only by personal consent. Shortened workweeks and part-time jobs are also provided for by law.
Often, social support for citizens of privileged categories involves the provision of housing or land. Disabled people also belong to the main applicants.
Unemployed and needy
Preferential categories of citizens in Moscow and other cities often receive certain benefits and payments. They are also laid for the unemployed and needy people. Only the first category of persons - a certain time. Namely about 12 months. It all depends on the situation.
To receive money, the unemployed must be registered at the employment center. At the same time, they will receive unemployment benefits. But those in need of this payment do not apply if they have a job. But you can contact the social support service and receive benefits and allowances. People in need will also be helped in improving their living conditions. It is enough to collect a certain list of documents that proves the need.
Unemployed people cannot receive land for free, but they are helped with finding a job - the employment center will offer a variety of vacancies to those who are listed as people who do not fulfill labor obligations.
Senior citizens
Preferential categories of citizens are diverse everywhere. In Russia, retirees are considered eternal beneficiaries. Often they also combine the status of people with disabilities as well as those in need. What social support measures are applied to them?
Basically, from the state, people who have reached retirement age are expected to:
- pension payments (even to working citizens);
- the possibility of free use of public transport or the purchase of a ticket at a discount;
- preferential payment of utilities (in some cases);
- the right to book tickets by train (preferential categories of citizens in Moscow, especially pensioners, have the opportunity to order a ticket for 10 days);
- exemption from property taxes;
- reduction of transport tax or its complete absence;
- installation of a telephone in a house (landline);
- free provision of medicines (in some cases).
Military personnel are entitled to seniority payments. The widows of the military (not even of retirement age) before entering into a new officially registered relationship - a pension.
Pregnant women
What children of the preferential category of the population receive is understandable. And what about being pregnant and mothers with babies? These are also peculiar beneficiaries, albeit to a lesser extent.
Among the opportunities provided to girls in an “interesting” position, the right to unhindered employment with no probationary period is highlighted. Employers have no right to dismiss such women.
Social support of the population regarding pregnant women is expressed in the form of various payments and benefits, as in most cases. Here unemployed women turn to social services for:
- allowance for the care of a baby up to one and a half years;
- lump sum payment for birth;
- allowance until the child is 3 years old (not everywhere);
- governor and regional payments.
Where to apply for benefits
The list of preferential categories of citizens is already known. Some bonuses from the state for certain cases, too. And where to get them? The main provision of social support is the so-called social service. In it, everyone can learn about the benefits and receive some payments.
But not all bonuses are issued here. Now they can be obtained at:
- hospitals
- schools;
- kindergartens;
- city administration (usually for land or housing);
- pension fund (pensions are issued);
- single window service or at the MFC;
- through the website "State Services".
Conclusion
Now it’s clear what preferential categories of citizens are in Russia. In fact, everything is simple - the exact information about the beneficiaries and bonuses that they are entitled to is specified in the social service. Here, as already mentioned, some benefits and cash payments are made out.
There are many beneficiaries in Russia. But everyone is provided with assistance in one way or another. More often than not, people are unaware of the benefits they have been granted. It should be remembered that social support of the population is the responsibility of the state, which the government has taken upon itself.