The development of fine motor skills in preschool children is always in the center of attention of educators and parents, because oral speech in a baby begins to form only when the accuracy of the movement of the fingers of his hands reaches the required level. The relationship of these skills is undeniable.
The development of fine motor skills in preschool children that meets the age norm is one of the signs of their readiness for learning in first grade. And its underdevelopment will not only complicate the educational process, but will not give the child the opportunity even to participate in it.
The system of exercises for the development of small muscles responsible for the movements of the fingers, with regular exercises, will increase the efficiency of the child’s brain, and with it will improve memory and attention.
Exercises that activate the development of fine motor skills in preschool children:
1. Movement to squeeze and unclench all fingers.
2. Rolling alternately with each finger of small beads, balls and pebbles.
3. Winding and unwinding balls of thread.
4. Finger gymnastics.
4. Making hands "flashlights".
5. Self-lacing shoes.
6. Folding dolls and pyramids.
7. Squeezing all the fingers into a pinch, followed by opening them.
8. Finger painting in the air.
Games and exercises that activate the development of fine motor skills in preschool children are associated with the following actions aimed at manipulating objects:
- capture;
- feeling;
- throwing.
Hand movements necessary for the development of small muscles associated with the formation of actions when playing with plot toys:
- sticking;
- stringing;
- threading;
- unfastening;
- fastening.
Recommendations on the organization of children's classes in the formation of complex coordination movements
1. Due to the fact that the development of manual activity involves an appropriate degree of maturity of brain structures, it is inefficient to force a child to engage. You need to start with exercises that are feasible for him, the successful implementation of which will bring the baby pleasure and confidence in his abilities.
2. Required regularity in the exercise.
3. The adult needs control over the accuracy of the movements. Otherwise, a positive result cannot be guaranteed.
4. First you need to do the exercises no longer than 3-5 minutes. The increase in time is due to developing games and other activities.
5. The pace of the assignment should be comfortable for the child.
6. The baby needs help, praise and support him.
7. Before each lesson, it is necessary to demonstrate the progress of the exercise and give short and accurate instructions.
8. The instructions must be repeated from time to time, and the tasks should be spoken aloud.
The education of preschool children should be carried out by parents unobtrusively and benevolently. The need to prepare the baby for school, the tasks for the development of the fingers and muscles of the hands for the development of the child should not cause an increase in psychological tension.
Often the underdevelopment of the fingers occurs in those children who are protected from self-care in families. Such children at the age of five are not able to dress or undress independently. It is difficult for them to tie a hat or boots, to fasten a jacket or shirt. Hand movements when dressing and undressing is also a workout. The upbringing of independence in a child takes, of course, a small person from the zone of total control of adults, but you can always agree!