Frame house - a cozy and high-quality building in which you can comfortably live. But the original and unique design will give it a flat roof, the construction of which takes less time than the device pitched options. This method has its own characteristic advantages and disadvantages. Cottages built using this technology look unusual and modern.
Further, the article will consider the features of a one-story frame house with a flat roof.
Construction sequence
The process of erecting a frame house includes such works:
- Building design development. At this stage, it is necessary to decide what the slope of the flat roof will be (this figure ranges from 5 to 10 °). If you ignore this requirement, there is a chance that rainwater will collect on the roof. In addition, you can make the roof deviation - for this you need to give it a slight slope.
- Foundation organization (as a rule, they build a strip foundation).
- Wall construction is a stage during which you will have to do the binding, fix the floorboards and mount the supports for the subsequent installation of the roof and jibs.
- Fixing on the frame of boards or boards, the space between which should be filled with insulation material (for example, glass wool).
- The device of a flat roof frame house.
- Finishing work.
Project development
This is an important process, the execution of which is best entrusted to a professional construction company. But you can also buy a ready-made house project, the minimum price of which is 22,000 rubles. Ready documentation includes such data:
- architectural and construction section;
- specification of materials;
- location of internal communication networks (water supply, heating, sewage and electrical equipment).
However, before buying ready-made projects of frame houses with a flat roof, you need to consider that the price of erecting such an object with all the necessary building materials is at least 400,000 rubles. So, for example, for the construction of single-story housing with an area of 44 m 2 with rough finish, you will need to spend about 432 thousand rubles.
Frame house 6 by 6 m: optimal layout
This is a square building in which there is enough space for a family of three. If a house with such dimensions will be built, the recommended area of each room is as follows:
- hallway - 3 m 2 ;
- a bathroom - 1.5 m 2 ;
- living room combined with kitchen - 13.5 m 2 ;
- bedrooms - 9 m 2 each .
The absence of corridors is a feature due to which there will be a lot of free space in the house used for good. If you plan to move in a family with more than 4 people, then this building is not suitable for the cohabitation of so many people. But the bedrooms can be made smaller, and the size of the living room, on the contrary, can be increased.
A bathroom in a 6 by 6 m frame house is best made joint. In addition, it is recommended to use a shower instead of a bath, and install the washing machine in another room, since the hygiene room will be small.
On the flat roof of the house you can make a cozy sitting area. In addition, the construction of the veranda is another trick to increase the useful area of the building.
Advantages and disadvantages of a flat roof frame structure
The cost of building such a house is approximately 30% less than the cost of erecting a brick structure. Before starting the construction of an object with a flat roof, you need to study its advantages:
- Low windage - the house will be protected from the negative effects of strong winds.
- Unique design.
- The project price is lower than that of houses with pitched roofs.
- Convenient service.
- Simple installation.
- On a flat roof, you can make a recreation area or build a pool. However, in this case, it is necessary to build a supporting structure of high strength.
- For the construction of a flat roof does not require a rafter system, and this will not only simplify the work, but also reduce the cost of the house.
However, such a roof has a number of disadvantages:
- due to the small slope, the snow will not fall to the ground, so you have to clean it yourself;
- during the construction of a frame house with a flat roof, it becomes necessary to equip a complex drainage system, which will need to be constantly cleaned of fallen leaves and silt;
- a roof of this type implies the absence of an attic or attic;
- small deviations from the execution technology can lead to the fact that the roof will leak during operation, therefore it is necessary to waterproof the coating of the building in accordance with technical standards.
There are several ways to build a flat roof, each of which has its own distinctive properties.
Varieties
Flat roofs are:
The first can be used as a recreation area. Their peculiarity is that the deflection between the supporting supports in the middle reaches 10 cm. A rubber-based waterproofing is used as the material for the roof device. The result is a frame house with a flat roof, on which you can move freely even in winter. But the main disadvantage of this coating is the high cost of roofing.
When designing a flat exploitable roof, the additional load must be taken into account, so the bearing supports, foundation, flooring and walls must be made more powerful. In addition, the roof will have to be strengthened with a reinforced screed. As a result, the roof will be adapted for the presence of people and various objects on it.
On a lightweight roof, you need to build only a high-quality drainage system and snowmelt.
Ways to perform water runoff
If you do not make a slight slope of the flat roof, then the water on it will stagnate, and this can lead to leaks. To make the mentioned construction, the following methods are used:
- General slope is a way in which the roof base is mounted from the very beginning at a small angle (from 3 to 7 degrees) in the direction where the water will drain. As a rule, builders arrange gutters and ebbs on the back of the house for this.
- The internal system is an option to divert melt or rain water to a special funnel, under which you need to install a pipe.
The required device method for this system should be selected at the design stage.
Flat roof layers
To perform a traditional roof, you need to lay it out in the following order:
- The base provides the building with the necessary strength and rigidity. This is the main layer on which the remaining structural elements will be placed. The base is constructed from a wooden beam, the recommended section of which is 15 x 15 cm. In addition, for these purposes, I-beam steel beams can be used.
- The vapor barrier layer is made of non-perforated plastic film or polymer-bitumen mastic.
- Insulation will protect the frame house with a flat roof from cold air.
- A waterproofing layer will protect the building from the negative effects of high humidity.
To protect the waterproofing material from sudden changes in temperature and ultraviolet rays, you need to put a layer of thermal insulation on top of it. In addition, the design of a flat roof can be performed in the reverse order. The result is an inverse version of the building cover.
Roof insulation
For these purposes, you can use the following materials:
- Foam glass is a strong and durable insulation that does not deteriorate when exposed to high temperature. In addition, it is protected against biological destruction.
- Mineral insulation - effective, but soft materials that will have to be fixed with waterproofing. As a rule, plywood with concrete screed pouring is used for this purpose.
- Expanded polystyrene is a high-quality and durable material. It is used more often in construction because it has a low coefficient of thermal conductivity.
- Bulk materials - perlite sand or expanded clay. These are cheap heaters, but they are worse in quality than mineral or polymer products. Moreover, using them to achieve an even plane at a small angle is difficult.
In order to have a good microclimate in the house, you need to insulate the flat roof with your own hands with high-quality materials that will reduce the heat loss of the building by about 30%.
Roof waterproofing
The following materials are used to carry out these works:
- roll waterproofing agents (glassine, ruberoid, brizol);
- mastics;
- membrane materials;
- penetrating impregnation.
Using roll materials is a cheap and proven waterproofing method. To perform this method, you must first clean and dry the roof, and then cover with a layer of bitumen primer. Material (for example, roofing material) must be laid at an air temperature of at least 10 ° C.
Mastics can be hot and cold. The first before applying to the surface must be heated to 160 ° C, and the second to 70 ° C. The result is a durable film that protects the frame house with a flat roof from exposure to UV rays for 20 years.
There is also liquid rubber, which will have to be applied by spraying. As a result, a reliable seamless coating is formed, the service life of which is more than 25 years.
Flat roof construction: step-by-step technology
The construction of this coating consists of the following steps:
- Install supports on the bearing walls of the building, while taking into account the approximate mass of the planned structure and the amount of precipitation. Beams should be placed at a distance of 50-100 cm, and their cross-section should be from 10 x 10 to 15 x 15 cm.
- On a finished base of timber, you need to fix boards with a thickness of 50 mm, which must first be treated with an antiseptic solution. In addition, moisture resistant plywood or drywall can be used for these purposes.
- Install vapor barrier (e.g. ordinary plastic wrap).
- The resulting surface must be covered with an overlay ruberoid and wait until it straightens.
- Pour a layer of slag, expanded clay or other bulk insulation onto the rolls, while making a slight slope (2-3 °) towards the drain.
- Pour the cement mortar in such a way that in the end a layer is obtained with a thickness of at least 20 mm. At this stage, the main thing is to maintain a bias.
- Cover the screed with a film and wait 2 days until it dries.
- Cover the resulting layer with bituminous mastic.
- Stick on ruberoid.
- Seal joints and seal.
- Insulate the inside of the roof with mineral wool.
But do not forget: before you make a flat roof, you need to think about where ventilation and smoke pipes will be installed (experts recommend mounting on the side wall of the building).
Conclusion
The article described the technological features of a frame house with a flat roof. When constructing a building using this technique, you must first draw up a project yourself or seek the help of professionals. It is the latter option that is preferable, since specialized companies carry out drawings in accordance with all standards.
You can build a frame house with your own hands. The article also described in detail the process of erecting a flat roof, since this is an atypical design, which must be carried out taking into account some tricks and recommendations.