The urban-type settlement (town) is a village. This division arose during the existence of the Soviet Union. Before the reform, in which such administrative units were given the current name, they were ambassadors.
In order for the village to have an urban type, it is necessary to observe some nuances. One of them is that at least 85% of the population of this item should not work in agriculture. In addition, the number of urban-type settlements is average between the number of people living in villages and cities. For example, earlier at least 2 thousand inhabitants in Ukraine and 3 thousand in Russia were supposed to live in the village.
In the Federation, in addition to the standard name, you can still hear other names in everyday life: a summer residence, resort or working village. However, from a scientific point of view, the listed structural units are a division of the general concept of urban settlements.
Types of town
Even in the days of the existence of the Russian SFSR, there were established orders for the classification of urban settlements. Consider them below.
- Holiday village. Such an urban-type settlement should have a population of at least 2 thousand people. He necessarily has on his territory several medical institutions. In this case, the number of vacationers should be at least half of the permanent residents.
- Workers An urban-type settlement is required to have at least 3 thousand permanent residents. Of these, 85% should have been involved in work at enterprises, in the railway sector, industrial, etc. Also, there are necessarily universities, schools and other educational institutions on the territory of the working village.
- Suburban village. Such an urban-type settlement is a territory that provides summer recreation or recreation services.
To date, most of the town has remained in its category since the days of the USSR. However, at the moment, exact criteria for classification cannot be called, since they are not uniform. By the way, since the time of the RSFSR, the number of urban settlements has noticeably decreased (from 2100 to 1900).
As of 2015, Sunzha is considered the largest in terms of population. The urban-type settlement (see photo below) is located in Ingushetia, and it is inhabited by more than 64 thousand people.
Sunzha
Sunzha - town, which until 2015 was still considered a village. Before it was officially recognized as an urban-type settlement, it was considered the largest village in Russia and one of the largest in the whole world.
Being the largest urban community in the Russian Federation, Sunzha is the second largest in the whole of Ingushetia (including cities). Every year there is an increase in population, which, perhaps, in the next fifty years will turn it into a small city, and then into a metropolis. The ethnic composition is represented, of course, by Russians (less than 1%), Chechens (7%) and Ingush (90%). The rest are from other minorities. It is worth noting that back in 2002 there were much more Chechens here - 50% of the total population, but by today this figure has sharply decreased.
Considering the plan of the urban-type settlement, you can notice that on its territory there is an important object for the economy - a creamery. There are also several schools, colleges and higher institutions (there are even universities).
Nakhabino
Nakhabino - town located in the Moscow region. In terms of population (and 40 thousand people live here), it ranks second in Russia. Until 2015, for 4 years he was a leader, but then lost to Sunzhe.
Surprisingly, according to historical reports, the population in Nakhabino was constantly increasing. And to this day there has been an increase. It is not as large as we would like, but the very fact of the increase should please the local authorities.
The economy of this urban-type settlement is constantly improving. This is due to the presence of a railway depot, various factories operating in the industrial sector, there is also furniture production. Even some of the larger cities and towns cannot boast such a developed economy.
Goryachevodsky
In the Stavropol Territory is the third largest in Russia urban village. By the way, it is located on the river, which has the name Podkumok. Thanks to automobile bridges (and there are three of them), Goryachevodsky is connected with Pyatigorsk.
Until 2010, the population in the urban-type settlement was steadily increasing, but for several years now it has been declining. As of 2016, there are just over 36 thousand inhabitants. The national composition is as follows: Russians (68%), Armenians (18%), and others (12%).
In 2010, Goryachevodsky represented the urban-type settlements of Russia, however, due to some factors, the population began to immigrate to other settlements of the state.
Volga
Volga, located in the Saratov region, is one of the largest urban settlements in Russia. As of 2015, a little less than 35 thousand people live in it. Recently, the dynamics of population changes are unclear: over the course of several years, it has been increasing, decreasing and remaining the same. Therefore, to say for sure whether the quantity is declining or not is impossible.
The design of urban-type settlements is carried out in such a way that there remains a territory for development for schools and other educational institutions. Thus, in the Volga there are 4 educational institutions and 9 kindergartens.
The title of a working village was assigned to him in the distant 1939, and to this day he remains so.
Yablonovsky
The Takhtamukaysky district (Adygea) includes the village of Yablonovsky, founded in 1888. A little more than 32 thousand people live here. Considering the ethnic composition, it is necessary to mention the Russians, Armenians, Ukrainians, Koreans.
The climate of this region is common for the Russian Federation. Winter minimum -36 ° , summer maximum + 42 ° . Precipitation is 700 mm per year. The urban-type village itself stands on the bank of the river. Kuban, opposite the notorious city of Krasnodar.
There are two markets in Yablonovsky that specialize in food marketing. There is a post office of Russia and branches of Sberbank. There are hospitals, a hospital, schools and kindergartens. A branch of one of the technological universities of Russia was built.
Tomilino
Another urban-type settlement located in the Moscow region. It is inhabited by 31 thousand people. It was founded in 1894.
This settlement has a very good location on the part of the economy. There is a railway on either side of it, and it "stands" on one of the Russian highways (P105 highway).
Tomilino in the previous century became famous for its excellent nature and infrastructure. This allows you to call it a holiday village. People for permanent residence are attracted by the fact of their proximity to Moscow and the Moscow Ring Road.
According to one version, the name appeared when the town passed into the possession of the merchant Tomilin.
Inozemtsevo
This resort town located in the Stavropol Territory has a population of 27 thousand people. The classification was assigned to him in 1959. It is mainly inhabited by Russians, Armenians and Greeks. Near the village there is a mountain called Beshtau.
Since 2010, the population has started to decline sharply, which is observed to this day. As of the same period, it was revealed that fewer men live in Inozemtsevo than women, by almost 10%.
If we consider cellular communications, then there are 2G, 3G and 4G networks. This is a huge advantage that not all urban-type villages in Russia have. There is also a sufficient number of kindergartens (6 pcs.), Schools (4 pcs.); There is a lyceum, an orphanage and two technical schools.
Vlasikha
Vlasikha, located in the Moscow region, has a population of 25 thousand people. This urban-type settlement has a unique feature - until 2009 it was considered a closed military facility.
There are 8 schools of various profiles, 3 sports clubs and 2 houses of culture. Moreover, the city has its own channel on television. Earlier (until 2008), there was a large shopping center in the village, but it burned down, and, unfortunately, to such an extent that it cannot be restored.