Unfortunately, our society is replete with individuals who are ready to take extreme measures in order to achieve their goals. Although the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation provides for certain penalties for atrocities, the main task of law enforcement agencies is not to solve the crime, but to stop it. In legal language this is called prevention.
What it is?
Prevention is a complex of measures aimed at suppressing a possible offense. Thus, its main purpose is to prevent the commission of a crime. Informing society, regulating the system of punishments - these are the main tasks that prevention sets before itself. This consists, first of all, in conveying to society the idea that any unlawful act will be punished, and quite seriously. Then the information can be confirmed by real examples of punishment. Prevention is divided into 2 main types.
General prevention
In accordance with general prevention, the main goal of the state in the suppression of crimes is to inform society and timely punishment. This is partly why most criminal cases are public. The system works as follows: it takes an example of a crime that has been uncovered and for which a person has been punished. Then this example is made public by the state, so that people prone to committing a crime have a fear of legal punishment. Such a system of levers is quite effective, but in this case it is necessary to reduce the level of latent crime as much as possible , as well as increase the reputation of law enforcement agencies. Society must understand that any criminal act will not remain secret and will be disclosed. However, the punishment should not be too harsh to avoid a conflict of interest, nor too lenient.
Private Prevention
Private prevention - this is such a set of measures that is aimed at preventing the crime of repeatedly convicted person. That is, private prevention is aimed at preventing the recurrence of crimes. In this case, the impact measures are applied to a specific person, and not to an unlimited circle of persons, as in the general. As a rule, these are educational measures that are actively used in prisons. It is also a set of social measures aimed at socializing the offender, introducing him into a profession, arranging himself in his future life.
Double prevention
Double prevention is, rather, the unofficial name for a special package of measures. According to double prevention, certain articles are highlighted in the Criminal Code, which are highly likely to entail the commission of a crime under more serious articles. For example, the threat of murder, left without punishment, may entail the commission of this act. In this case, prevention is a way to stop the commission of a more serious crime by punishing for a less serious one. In many respects, the theory of “broken windows” operates, according to which an increase in the number of petty crimes directly affects the number of serious ones. In fact, due to this type of prevention, punishment is given to persons who have committed such offenses that either practically do no harm to society or can only inflict it potentially. For example, the same threat of murder in itself does not harm society, because this is only the potential for a more serious crime. Meanwhile, it is thanks to the punishment for such crimes that the main goal of prevention is achieved - the suppression of the commission of a real act dangerous to society.