Even not very experienced gardeners in general know how raspberries propagate. Many mistakenly believe that this plant can exist in almost any conditions and requires no maintenance. In fact, this approach to cultivation will lead to the rapid depletion of shoots, their run wild, and lower yields. But even before the gardener learns to care for his raspberry, he needs to create it. In today's article, we will figure out how best to propagate berry bushes. We will study in more detail the question of how to plant raspberries with seeds. This is the most time-consuming and time-consuming option, but it also needs to be studied and tested in practice.
The berry is delicious, beautiful and healthy.
Raspberry is an unconditional favorite among other summer gifts of nature. There are many of its varieties, each of which is good and has its advantages and disadvantages. Here, of course, it is a matter of habit and taste, because any person has his own criteria for selecting the ideal berry. For some, its aroma and taste are important, others need the fruits to be easy to collect, store and transport, still others are sized.
Some gardeners pay attention to raspberry seeds, their quantity and quality, this nuance is especially important if it is necessary to plant a bush acquired in a single copy.
Raspberry propagation
This plant is considered a perennial, however, with some reservations. The fact is that its root system is capable of producing high-quality sprouts for 10-12 years, but the stems themselves form a good crop only once, so we can say that they are annuals.
The exception is only some species - for example, raspberries Tarusa, or, as it is also called, raspberry tree. This variety is distinguished by the special structure of the bush, which is larger in structure and appearance similar to a low tree.
Ordinary berry bushes multiply in the following ways:
- division of the bush;
- landing offspring;
- planting cuttings;
- seed reproduction.
In special nurseries that deal with the mass raspberry raspberry, only the first three methods are used, that is, the berries are grown vegetatively. However, special uterine plantations are used for planting seedlings, which avoids degeneration of the variety.
Raspberry seeds are often used to breed new varieties of berries (for breeding activities of botanists).
Professionals Recommendations
Raising raspberries will not actually be any difficulty if you do everything according to the rules. There are few of them, and they are very simple to perform. Saplings of this plant take root in the earth almost year-round (the exception is winter only). However, the most favorable time is spring and autumn. If you plan to plant bushes in the spring, you need to prepare for this soil immediately after it has thawed.
Raspberries love moist soil, but not abundant watering, the root system of this shrub is superficial, it does not grow inland. Before planting, the earth should be dug up and fertilized. It is important to choose the right place from the beginning. This should be a bright area, protected from drafts. Autumn planting should be done in late September - early October. During the winter, the bushes will have time to take root well and, possibly, will yield a small crop next year, although high-quality fruiting will begin only in a year.
Sowing, sowing, we cannot grow - why?
Now let's talk about how to use raspberry seeds for planting. As we already mentioned, this option is one of the most time-consuming. It is important to choose high-quality seed. It can be bought at specialized points of sale or isolated from berries yourself. It is better to avoid making purchases from unverified sellers, as well as ordering grains on the Web - it is very easy to get caught by unscrupulous manufacturers who sell poor raw materials. We will tell readers several options for how to get raspberry seeds from berries yourself.
In this process, it is necessary to observe a special technology, you also need to be able to plant seeds, taking into account the characteristics of the raspberry root system. Otherwise, even grains of proper quality will not give viable seedlings.
Seed selection and preparation
This is one of the most responsible and most important stages in the entire upcoming gardener process. It is likely that theoretically many people know how to collect raspberry seeds. The grains are directly in the berries, but how to get them out of there unscathed? For the collection of seeds, it is best to take the ripest berries, moreover, overripe ones are also suitable. The ideal time for this is the end of September.
Soft fruits must be sorted out, leaving those that have not been spoiled, clean them of debris and cuttings and rub through a sieve. At its bottom there will be a thick cake - this is raspberry seed. Grains need to be immersed in water, this will help clean them from the pulp of berries, and unripe and empty bones will float to the surface of the liquid. The same seeds that remain at the bottom of the tank must be washed again and left in water for 24 hours to swell.
Further actions are to ensure that the grains are as close to natural conditions as possible. In the wild, raspberries propagate including seeds. Birds carry them. Thus, bushes with berries sprout in the newly formed clearings and on burned out forest areas. Stratification of raspberry seeds (providing the necessary conditions for their subsequent planting) consists in the fact that they must be stored at the optimum temperature and normal humidity level.
Soaked grains are placed in a tissue bag. It can be nylon or gauze, then the bag is moistened a little and placed in a container, overlaid with moss. It is stored in this form until April, periodically the seeds need to be checked and moistened.
Growing Raspberry Seedlings
Raspberry seeds, prepared in the fall, are planted in the soil in April. The earth must first be loosened and fertilized, well moistened. However, excessive watering cannot be allowed; this culture does not like too much water. In wet soil, raspberries grow poorly and underdeveloped. The depth of seed planting is small - about 2-3 cm. From above they need to be sprinkled with a mixture of earth, sand and humus.
Autumn fall is also possible. In some cases, this is even preferable. Indeed, this way the sprouts will reliably strengthen in the ground and undergo natural stratification. The seeds of remont raspberries are germinated in the same way.
When the seeds have sprouted, they must be thinned, spud. At that moment, when the plants released 2-3 leaves, they can be planted. Young growth is best kept in a greenhouse, in specially prepared soil. The earth needs to be weeded periodically from weeds, plants are watered every five to seven days, sometimes they are fed, diseases are prevented and they are protected from pests.
There is another way to grow raspberry bushes from seeds. It is less troublesome, but with unproven effectiveness. It consists in generously brushing a thick jute rope with berries, after which it moves 2-3 cm into the ground. As with ordinary seeds, the earth must be prepared by mixing it with peat in a proportion of 50/50 or in equal parts with sand and humus.
Landing and subsequent care
The grown bushes are transplanted into raspberries in the fall or spring. Raspberries are placed in rows, the distance between which is approximately 40 cm, and the sprouts are located approximately every 10-15 cm from each other. If the bushes are too thick, this will interfere with the care of the plant, the subsequent harvest.
The raspberry should be periodically thinned, cut damaged stems and their tops. Also, the plant needs watering, especially during active growth and the formation of ovaries, fruiting.
Productivity
The number of berries, as well as their size and quality, depends on many factors, including the variety of the plant, the quality of care for it, the conditions in which the bush grows. So, the now popular repair raspberries give a plentiful harvest, moreover, twice a year. But it is worthwhile to understand that there will not be many summer berries, but in late autumn their number is usually significant. Raspberry Tarusa also has good yields, the fruits of this variety are very large and fleshy.
Bushes grown from seeds in the first year will not be able to give berries, this will happen only in the next season. In addition, one should not expect that the crop will fully correspond in quality and properties to the fruits from which the seeds were extracted. Hybrid varieties of raspberries degenerate very quickly and offspring are often an order of magnitude worse than the mother plant.