The functioning and formation, as well as the role of management as a definite structure, are determined by its essence. In its composition there are several elements. Before you name them, it should be said that the management system is a form of implementation of the development and interaction of regulatory relations. They are expressed primarily in principles and laws, goals, functions, methods, structure and the process itself. The structure of the structure contains frames, objects and other elements. The mechanism of society management is considered one of the main levers of regulation of social relationships. What is this element?
general information
The mechanism of managing society in a country is, first of all, a necessity related to the achievement of development goals and the implementation of one of the directions of domestic policy. This element is formed and changes purposefully with the participation of people who regulate the complex of forms, methods, functions, incentives and levers. This is mainly necessary to achieve the greatest efficiency of the regulatory structure in specific historical conditions. This is the main role of governance in society.
The qualitative level of this component of the relationship regulation structure, the degree of its perfection, and also compliance with basic requirements depend primarily on the professionalism and level of training of personnel, their skills and ability to identify and give an objective assessment of the most significant components and relationships, the manifestation features and the consequences of the development of detected trends .
Components
The mechanism for managing society in any country includes several fundamental links: common functions, principles, methods and goals. The society, being a multi-purpose complex system, requires a clear interaction of all subsystems and the solution of tasks. Considering public administration and society from this position, several components are identified that form the lever of regulation. These, in particular, include socio-cultural, organizational elements.
At the same time, the level at which economics and management interact is of paramount importance. In this regard, the corresponding element is also present in the control lever. According to a number of experts, it is the economic component that largely ensures the efficiency of the process. However, the achievement of objectives and the development of social structure are ensured through a combination of elements.
Definition of objects and subjects
Social structures are simultaneously the object and subject of management. This fact makes it necessary to consider these two components under conditions of constant interaction with each other - as controlled and controlling elements. The subject (second component) is part of the object. The dimensions and boundaries of the first are closely dependent on the features and scale of the second. This leads to the fact that the activity of governing structures is determined mainly by the properties of the controlled element.
In the most general form, the objects of management should include human labor and man. In a broad sense, these are communities and large groups of people (industry, region, enterprise). Specific functions may also serve as objects, for example, managing the country, finances, sales, personnel, and so on.
Types of objects
There are three categories. These include production facilities. This type includes the links that make up the organizational management of social production. The second type is structural objects. They represent the links of the entire management system. And the third kind are functional objects. They are distinguished by a special control mechanism. As a result, the generalized view of the regulatory object is a complex of human activity, isolated from the social environment either as a special function, which requires a special regulation lever, or as a link in the structure.
Formation of objects
The beginning of the formation of these components coincides with their organizational allocation as the main structure-forming elements of the social structure. For example, such a link may be a manufacturing enterprise. It is in some way the initial, starting point of reference levels in the macro-system of economic management and in the microstructure of regulation of activities within the enterprise. Such a component is the basis for the formation of production regulatory objects of various scales - the region, industry, and the national economy as a whole.
Public administration and society are structures that constantly interact with each other. The selection of production facilities underlies the creation of a regulatory structure, where each link also represents a structural element (object). These components differ in their complexity and functions. As a result, this or that management institute is formed. The education and development of all these components underlie the continuous improvement of the structure of social regulation.
Factors affecting the formation of regulatory objects
There are several aspects that are most significant in the process under consideration. These, in particular, include technical, technological, social, organizational and economic factors. Aspects that reflect the requirements of objective principles and laws of social development have a dialectical relationship.
An object as a mechanism for managing society in any country is formed as a result of various forms of combinations of territorial and sectoral regulation based on the level of decentralization or centralization. The formation factors of one or another object affect the internal structure, scale, general status, social status and so on.
Main Institute of Management
What is the main subject of regulation today? Without a doubt, this is a state. Although, meanwhile, there has recently been a tendency to delegate a number of its functions (regulatory, organizational, rule-making and others) to other entities. Defining the state as a governing component, it should be said that this structure involves the unification of interconnected organizations, institutions that ensure the regulation of relations and activities of people, nations, classes, groups.
A modern understanding of the structure of the main control lever
In the scientific literature today, state administration is usually understood to mean the regulating and organizing, practical influence of a given subject on people's livelihoods, based on the power of power. The purpose of this impact is to preserve, streamline or transform the position of citizens. Objectively, the need for state power regulation is determined by several factors. First of all, these are general socio-political and historical prerequisites. In addition, specific factors specific to a particular society are of no small importance.
Prerequisites for the emergence of power regulation
The mechanism for managing society in any country is taking shape for structured support for the functioning of the branches of human activity. In addition, thanks to the activity of regulatory levers, conditions are created for the survival of communities of people. The factors that ensure this, in particular, include new forms of labor activity, a managerial function that initially includes serving the company in the information plan (in particular, collecting various information about work, etc.).
Gradually, a layer of people stood out from society, whose main occupation was the regulation of relations within the civil community. As a result, many posts and posts were formed: military leaders, work managers, accountants, and others. This layer constituted an early bureaucracy. In the course of development, the stratification of society became more apparent, which often led to the seizure of power by one group or another and the adaptation of society to its interests.
The separation of society with conflictual relationships and conflicting interests, characteristic of the formed groups and strata, necessitated the creation of a political function for regulating social contradictions and relationships. Due to the fact that the state apparatus was captured by privileged strata, the regulatory function ensured mainly the dominance of precisely these groups over others.
Tasks of the main control lever
To ensure targeted management of interactions between different groups of the population, it was necessary to create certain rules of citizen behavior and form vital forms of productive human activity. It is the installation and maintenance of conditions for the normal existence of all layers of society that were the main tasks of the state. Among other things, power structures should protect the living space of a developing population.
Modern views
It should be noted that over time, the above factors have absolutely not lost their relevance. On the contrary, that complex of initial tasks, the solution of which should be carried out using the levers of power, has become much more complicated. Changes that occur in the modern world in the field of engineering, science, information technology, highlight the problem of ensuring human security to the forefront.
Today, the need for public administration is determined by the need to ensure the implementation of domestic policy, which is aimed at the most efficient use of labor, material, natural, information resources. The main tasks of the function of power regulation in the modern state also include the equitable distribution of profits, guaranteeing basic social rights and maintaining order. To ensure favorable conditions, it is necessary to create and implement state programs. Thanks to them, a minimum standard of living or education or training should be ensured.
Conclusion
It should be noted that the question of the role of the state apparatus in the processes of management and modernization of society is the most urgent problem for the social sciences. Confirmation of this can be found even in the fact that there are a fairly large number of points of view on this issue. The modern rapidly changing world makes us look for ways to adapt to its changes. In this context, the state acts as the most effective regulatory lever, capable of mobilizing resources and implementing technological and economic breakthroughs as soon as possible.
Stability in the social sphere is ensured if there is a well-thought-out strategy for changing existing management structures with the gradual, logically consistent introduction of more advanced ones in their place. Objectively, the importance of the rational structure of the state apparatus is especially clearly manifested during the transition periods, when replacing the old political scheme with a new one.