Designing the lighting of the streets of modern cities, experts are trying to create a single architectural and lighting space. Of course, in order to achieve this goal and make city avenues and squares beautiful in the evening, you need to use special equipment. There are several types of modern street lighting. Such designs differ in type of lamps, configuration, service life, etc. Equipment of this type can be mounted on concrete, wood, metal, etc. supports.
Cantilever Street Lighting
Most often, these days, such lights are used to illuminate the streets. They are called cantilever by the method of fastening to the supports. This type of lamp is usually hung on street poles. At the same time, they are attached to the supports through the console or bracket.
The convenience of using such lamps is primarily that they can be mounted in almost any necessary places in the city. To install them, you only need the presence of supports in the form of pillars. By means of the console, it is easy to adjust the angle of the position of such lamps for optimal lighting of the space.
Main varieties
In modern cities, console lights for street lighting of the following varieties can be installed on the streets:
All of these varieties differ not only in work efficiency, but also in durability. Mercury console street lighting with DRL, for example, although they are somewhat outdated, can serve up to 100,000 hours without replacement on poles.
Designations
Of course, all console lights used for street lighting in cities are marked accordingly. By the letters in brackets on the package with such equipment, the consumer can easily determine its type. The following markings may be used for marking console lights:
U - a device intended for installation on the street.
K - cantilever type of lamp.
F - model with a sodium lamp.
G - metal halide lamp.
P is a mercury lamp.
D - LED lamp.
What signs may still vary
Lamps in cantilever street lighting, thus, can be used LED, sodium, mercury, halogen. Also, equipment of this type differs in design features:
In terms of protection against moisture and dirt. In the marking, a two-digit number indicates these parameters. The first figure in it reflects the degree of protection from moisture, the second - from dust.
Strength housing. Of course, this figure for console mounted street lights should be as high as possible.
Degrees of resistance to corrosion. Street console lights, of course, should not rust.
In addition, console lights can have different:
dimensions;
optical properties;
power.
The housing of such lamps is usually made of aluminum. This material is light in weight and does not rust even with prolonged exposure to moisture. A reflector and the lamp itself are inserted inside the cantilever housing. These structural elements are closed with a glass that is resistant to clouding and cracking.
Feet Height
When installing lights, of course, among other things, the rules of electrical safety are taken into account. The standard height of street lighting poles can be 9.5-16.5 m. When installing lamps on such poles, the possibility of contact with wires of passers-by and vehicles passing along the street is excluded.
Where can be installed
Cantilever lights are used mainly to illuminate pedestrian walkways and roads in cities. Also, such models can be mounted:
at level crossings;
Gas station;
in the squares;
in parks.
Also, very often such lamps are installed in the warehouses of large enterprises and on production sites.
Advantages of Console Lights
The advantages of modern equipment of this type include primarily the fact that it does not use incandescent lamps. That is, console street lighting fixtures are very economical in terms of electricity consumption. Also, the advantage of such models is, of course, their durability. LED console lights, for example, last even longer than mercury. When used outdoors they can be left unchanged for 25 years.
The advantages of equipment of this type also include:
resistance to moisture and temperature difference;
resistance to even strong vibration on busy highways;
ease of maintenance and lamp replacement;
immunity of protective glass to UV radiation (maintains transparency for a long time).
The drawback of such equipment is only one. Modern console lights designed for road lighting are quite expensive. In addition, before installing them, if necessary, lighting of the space has to install supports. And this, of course, also leads to additional costs.
What types of supports can be used
Poles for console lights on the streets can be installed in different types. Such supports are classified by:
Design Types
On this basis, supports for cantilever lamps are distinguished by cylindrical and faceted. The second type of pillars is also called conical. Such supports have a wide base and a narrow top. The first type of pillars has a round cross section. Such supports are an ordinary long cylinder. There are also pillars and square sections.
Material classification
Pillars from: can be installed on the streets under console lights
a tree;
reinforced concrete;
metal;
composite materials.
The main advantages of wooden poles are their environmental friendliness, ease of manufacture and low cost. The main drawback of such supports is, of course, their fragility. Wooden poles under the influence of moisture and other adverse environmental factors very quickly begin to rot. Moreover, such a support can easily burn out or be damaged by rodents.
Reinforced concrete pillars, unlike wooden ones, can last a very long time. In addition, such structures are characterized by a high degree of strength. In cost, reinforced concrete is only slightly superior to wood. Therefore, precisely such poles are currently the most common type of support for cantilever lamps.
Metal structures are made of high strength steel sheets. Such supports under cantilever streetlights are more expensive than concrete, but at the same time, in comparison with them, they have a number of advantages. The pillars of this variety are lightweight and therefore very easy to install. At the same time, such structures look more aesthetically pleasing than concrete ones. And of course, supports of this type do not burn and do not rot, like wooden ones.
Composite poles are by far the most technologically advanced. Such supports are made of a special material obtained by mixing several components. Pillars of this variety are characterized by a high degree of strength, they weigh very little, are easily transported and mounted.
Intended classification
In this regard, distinguish between power and non-power pillars. The first type of poles is used to illuminate neighborhoods, sites, streets. The power cable to them can be approached both by air and by land. This group includes, for example, OS columns, SF, SFG.
Non-powered supports are most often used to illuminate bridges, parks, and parking lots. Their distinctive feature is that they often install small advertising structures. Street lighting is powered on poles of this type, usually from cables that run through the air. On the ground, wiring to such supports is not pulled.
In large cities, poles of a special design equipped with solar panels can also be installed nowadays. Such lights, of course, can be attributed to the most economical at the moment.
Installation Classification
In this regard, the types of street lighting poles are distinguished flange and upright. The first type of poles during installation are mounted on a concrete base. In this case, massive bolts are used as the main fasteners. The advantage of this kind of support is the ease of replacement. To remove the old pillar and put a new one, in this case you only need to unscrew the bolts.
The upright posts are driven into the ground to a certain depth. Excavations for such supports are dug with a drill. Next, put a pole in the pit and fill it with concrete.