Cement mortar is in demand in a wide range of construction and repair work. It is used both for the construction of multi-story structures, and for single-story buildings. Today the market offers a wide range of these products. Building materials are distinguished by varieties of brands and technical characteristics.
Two hundredth grade concrete
Concrete M200 class B15 refers to heavy solutions. It is more rational to use it for pouring monolithic objects, paths, as well as frame structures.
Based on high technical indicators, it can be noted that this material is not afraid of the negative effects of the environment. And the quality of this solution ensures the longevity of the constructed structures. This type of building materials is divided into subspecies:
- for astringent additives - gypsum, silicate, cement-polymer;
- depending on the type of fraction - with large or small particles;
- according to the consistency of the mass - it can be dense, porous or specialized purpose;
- the density of the filler emit lightweight and heavy concrete M200.
The choice depends on the application. In each case, a particular type of concrete is suitable.
Composition
The strength of cement depends on the proportions of its components. The higher the brand, the more rational it is to use less material.
Concrete M200 refers to the composition of medium quality. This is because it contains cement having hydrophobic and quick hardening properties. The use of such a composition helps to increase the operational period of the constructed structures. In our country, when conducting construction work, Portland cement is often used. It responds well to temperature changes, when it can drop to 10 ΒΊ per day.
Be sure to include sand in the composition of the solution. It is necessary to use dirt-free material so as not to degrade the quality of the future product. It is desirable that the fraction of sand is coarse. It serves as the main filler, which ensures the plasticity of the concrete mass. Crushed stone can also be used as an additive. Its fraction should be medium.
Concomitant supplements may be used if necessary. They are mainly used for the plasticity of the solution and its frost resistance. There are also special plasticizers (additives) that can both slow down and accelerate the drying process of the mixture. The final component is water, which should not contain any extraneous chemical components.
Concrete grades
The strength of concrete depends on the composition and elements that were involved in the manufacturing process of the mixture. These factors also indicate the areas of use of the solution.
As a rule, to obtain a high-level brand, more cement is used in the manufacturing process of the mortar.
The range of concrete grades is large, and each classification has its own applications:
- M100 - used for buildings that will be affected by small loads.
- M150 - the difference from the previous category is small. The scope of operation is similar.
- M200 - used for structures of reinforced concrete structures.
- M250 - a slight difference from the previous brand. The solution can be used for the same purpose.
- M300 - rationally used for landings and roads where regular traffic takes place.
- M350 - an analogue of the mixture M300. It is applied in responsible designs.
- M400 - used in the construction of foundations and the bearing layer of the building.
- M450 - is one of the strongest brands of solutions. It is operated during the construction of critical construction elements. Withstands enormous loads.
- M500 is the most reliable solution. It is operated in construction where there will be the greatest loadings. This brand of concrete gives the constructed structure extreme reliability.
The required brand of mortar is selected in construction in accordance with the type of structure or building being erected.
Specifications
The quality and technical characteristics of concrete M200 depend on the composition of the elements added to it and their proportions.
The presented mixture has the following features:
- High quality due to the low density of the composition.
- The mixture dries quickly.
- Low thermal conductivity, which allows the use of material for thin-layer work, with insulation.
- It is not recommended to use the mixture if the temperature is below +5 Λ.
- Frost resistance - F100.
Due to its plasticity during shrinkage, concrete M200 does not crack, and work with it takes place without special difficulties. This is a demanded material during construction work.
Recommended Proportions
There are four main factors that contribute to obtaining a high-quality consistency of the solution.
These include:
- Brand of cement.
- Characteristics of fillers.
- Desired plasticity and strength of the solution.
- Proportions and ratios.
The quality of the solution depends on the proportions. On 1 m 3 of concrete M200, the composition should be as follows:
- if cement M400 is used, then when mixing the mortar, add 4.8 parts of crushed stone and 2.8 parts of sand to one part of the cement;
- if using the dry mix M500, the proportion requires mixing with one part of cement 5.6 parts of crushed stone and 3.5 parts of sand.
Mixing concrete M200 heavy class B15 per 1 m 3 implies the use of components in the following proportions:
- 330 kg of cement;
- 1250 kg of crushed stone;
- 180 l of water;
- 600 kg of sand;
The combination of these components forms a volume of 1.76 m 3 . But in fact, due to the water and sand that displace air from the gravel, the actual volume is 1 m 3 . If you adhere to these recommendations, you will be able to get a solution of good quality without unnecessary effort.
Cooking
Knowing the proportions for the preparation of the solution, you can start the kneading process. Cement can be purchased ready-made. This option will be more expensive. The price of concrete M200 in the Russian market is 2750-2800 rubles per 1 m 3 . This is a ready-made solution that can be purchased at the enterprise. The choice must be made very carefully. When buying a ready-made mortar, you need to require documentation, make sure that the manufacturer follows the standards of GOST concrete M200.
When preparing the mass of the solution, it is worthwhile to pay attention to the brand of cement on your own, since the mixing proportions are repelled from this indicator. Often, dry material M400 and higher is taken as the basis. When using lower grades, it is recommended to add plasticizers to increase the strength of the solution.
Mix in small portions so that it can be used at a time. Otherwise, the hardening process may occur, and then the mixture will become unusable. And this will increase the cost of the material.
The preparation of the solution is divided into the following steps:
- Mix sand and cement thoroughly, at the same time add additives if necessary (for frost resistance, elasticity, water repellent, etc.). The consumption of additional additives is indicated in the instructions or on the package.
- Gradually add water and then crushed stone.
It is also worth considering that you should not deviate from the desired proportion. Subject to these standards, excellent quality M200 concrete is obtained, the price of which will be significantly lower than when purchased from the manufacturer.
Application
Concrete M200 class B15 is used in a wide range of construction works, as it has excellent density and resistance to low temperatures.
Use material for the construction of various structures, such as:
- flights of stairs;
- various types of platforms that can be used both for the movement of people and vehicles;
- reinforced concrete structures (curb, support pillars);
- paving slabs;
- foundation;
- partitions that will not be subjected to heavy loads;
- fences;
- screeds.
For more serious work with heavy loads, a mixture of concrete M400, M500 is used.
Usage Tips
The process of pouring the foundation using a mixture of concrete M200 requires the following steps:
- All the necessary tools should be prepared in advance.
- The container with the mass should be near, near the work area. This is explained by the rapid hardening of the solution. Therefore, the distance should be minimized.
- For pouring concrete, a gutter should be used.
- It is not recommended to carry out work in bad weather conditions.
- Use the kneaded mass at a time.
- If it started to rain during operation, cover the solution with plastic wrap.
- On hot days, the solution should be sprayed with water. This will ensure that it dries evenly.
The implementation of these recommendations will guarantee a high-quality surface that will have a long life.
Summarizing
A solution of this type is very popular in construction, so it is not surprising that concrete M200 is purchased by customers more often than other types. And all this thanks to its special technical characteristics. With the help of such concrete, you can fill in the wonderful foundation of a monolithic type, as well as construct an excellent fence that will last for many years. It is important only to adhere in the manufacture of the correct proportions in order to obtain the desired quality.
When purchasing components for the preparation of the mixture, you should pay attention to their quality, especially cement dry material. The life of the solution after its production is 3 months. You must always adhere to the proportions of the proportions of materials per m 3 .
Subject to all recommendations and norms, a solution of good quality is obtained, and structures from it serve for many years.