As a rule, trees are planted in spring and autumn. The process of laying seedlings includes the selection of planting material, selection of a place, digging a hole, adding drainage and fertilizer, planting apple trees and watering.
To bookmark the garden, you must use zoned varieties of trees that are labeled. Usually, apple trees are planted at their two years of age. When buying seedlings, it is necessary to ensure that they have a conductor and at least three to four side branches, the length of the roots is about 40 cm.
Apple trees are best developed on loamy soils. Compost, peat, coarse river sand are added to clay places, but sandstone is fertilized with a large amount of peat, humus, alumina, compost. In general, apple trees cannot tolerate a lack of oxygen in the soil.
Planting trees in spring and autumn is carried out in the following periods: the optimal time for planting seedlings begins from the 20th of April, in the fall - from September 20 to October 15. At a later time, it is better to prune the trees, and plant them in the spring.
In the process of planting, it is necessary to prepare pits for apple trees. Places for future trees are dug with a diameter of 100 cm, to a depth of 80 cm. The humus top layer of the earth and the infertile bottom must be discarded in different directions from the recess. Pits dig a week before the future planting of apple trees. The bottom should be loosened with a crowbar or a shovel to a depth of 20-30 cm, while the soil should remain in place.
The apple tree needs good drainage, for this, tin cans and walnut shells are thrown to the bottom of the pit. Then they begin to fill the seat with a substrate. One third of the pit is filled with the upper humus layer, then organic and mineral fertilizers are added : 3 buckets of manure or a glass of superphosphate, wood ash (10 tbsp.), Potassium sulfate (4 tbsp.), Packaged organic fertilizers (2 bags). All mixed with a shovel along with the soil.
The remaining area is covered with fertile soil, until an embankment 20 cm high from the soil level forms above the pit. A wooden stick (stake) is inserted into the middle of the hill, which should rise half a meter above the ground.
Apple trees should be planted by two gardeners. One should plant a seedling in the middle of the pit north of the stake and raise the tree to a height of 5 cm from the root base to the ground. The second assistant holds a seedling, spreads the roots in all directions along the circumference of the knoll and at the same time hefills the root system with fertile soil, which is carefully tamped, especially along the edges of the pit. Then the seedling is tied to a wooden support with polyethylene twine.
At the end of this process, the planting site must be watered until the time when water will easily penetrate into the pit. Usually 4 buckets of water are enough to moisturize. Then mulching with peat, humus or ordinary earth to a height of 5 cm is carried out. Re-watering is carried out after a week.
Seedlings planted by young inexperienced gardeners often die. The main reason for this lies in the fact that the planting of apple trees is carried out at a place near which groundwater passes. In order to accelerate the growth of trees and continue to receive good yields, seedlings should be planted on the hills. In this case, to the depth of the bayonet shovel , they dig up a site with a diameter of three meters. Then, mineral and organic fertilizers are poured as follows.
For one square meter, make 1 bucket of manure, compost or peat, two tablespoons of potassium sulfate or superphosphate. Planting fruit trees is done in the same way as in a pit. The roots must be well tamped, and the seedlings tied to a stake and well watered. To drain groundwater near the landing site, you need to dig a groove.