A heating system with one highway is used in private and high-rise buildings very often. It is not very complicated, very effective and at the same time quite maintainable design. In this article, we will talk in detail about the advantages and disadvantages of such systems with respect to two-story country houses. We will also figure out what options and connection schemes for single-tube structures exist in buildings of this type.
The main advantages and disadvantages
Such systems differ from double-tube ones primarily in that the coolant in them circulates in a circle, and the radiators are connected in series. Thus, the equipment is very simple - a one-pipe heating system of a two-story house. With your own hands it is much easier to assemble a two-pipe one.
The advantages of such systems, in addition to this, can also include:
- Maintainability.
- Universality. You can use such systems in both low- and high-rise buildings.
The main disadvantage of such systems is, first of all, the uneven heating of series-connected radiators. Passing from one to another, the coolant gradually cools down. Because of this, it can be too hot in the rooms closest to the boiler, and cold in the rooms farthest from it.
Varieties
Non-freezing liquid - antifreeze can be used as a heat carrier in heating systems of this type. But more often than not, ordinary water still circulates through the pipes. It can move through pipes due to gravity or due to the operation of a special pump. In both cases, it turns out a fairly reliable single-pipe system of a two-story house. The first type of scheme is usually used in not too large houses. The advantages of such a system with gravitational circulation include, first of all, profitability. Structures with forced movement of water or antifreeze are more reliable.
Also, a one-pipe heating system of a two-story house, the scheme of which is as simple as possible, can be horizontal or vertical. The latter type is well known to everyone who has ever lived in high-rise buildings of Soviet construction. In this case, vertical risers are held on all floors. The coolant is pumped into the attic, and then goes down, passing through the radiators of the apartments. In private low-rise buildings, a simpler horizontal heating system is usually used, also called "Leningrad".
Battery Connection Methods
Batteries in such a design as a one-pipe heating system of a two-story house (a photo of such equipment is clearly shown on the page) can crash into any of the currently available technologies. Connection scheme happens:
- Lower. In this case, the supply and return pipes are connected to the battery from below.
- Diagonal. With this scheme, the pipes are connected to the radiator from above and below from opposite sides.
- Vertical. In this case, the trunk is connected from above and below from one side.
In order for the air to warm evenly in the rooms far and in the rooms closest to the boiler, radiators are usually connected to the pipe by bypass. Thus, a simplified analogue of the two-pipe system is created. With a bypass, it is easy to control the volume of flow through the radiator.
Basic assembly rules in two-story buildings
For a private house, as already mentioned, it is better to use a horizontal version of the one-pipe system. The most difficult part when assembling in a two-story house is raising water up through the ceiling. The simplest method is to install two risers at the boiler: one supply coolant to the radiators, the second - “reverse”. Thus, both forced circulation equipment and a one-pipe heating system for a two-story house can be mounted . A circuit without a pump, however, is less preferred in this case.
Pipe laying methods
On the perimeter of the house, highways in such a system, both on the first floor and on the second, are usually under the floor. Such a "hidden" system does not spoil the appearance of the premises. However, it should be borne in mind that with such a laying, most likely, you will have to use the lower method of connecting radiators. And with this insertion method, unfortunately, the batteries do not work at full strength. The solution may be to use a bypass with a special design.
In this case, a metal-plastic piece of length equal to the height of the battery crashes into the "supply" pipe in front of the radiator. Accession to the highway is made through it, in the upper part of the section. A short vertical section is welded to the “return” pipe. The radiator joins it at the bottom of the opposite section.
One-pipe heating system of a two-story house with natural circulation: features
Such designs are rarely used in cottages. Systems of this type are economical, but, unfortunately, are quite complicated to assemble and not very convenient to use, especially if there are two floors in the house.
The coolant in such systems first rises up from the boiler, passes through the radiators of the upper rooms, and then goes down. Therefore, on the second floor when using this type of circuit it will be hotter than on the first. In addition, when using a system with gravitational circulation, a very powerful boiler will have to be installed. After all, the pressure of the coolant should be sufficient to lift it to the second floor.
Forced circulation system
Equipment of this type for two-story cottages is considered more preferable. In this case, the circulation pump is responsible for the uninterrupted movement of coolants along the mains. In such systems it is allowed to use pipes of smaller diameter and a boiler of not too large capacity. That is, in this case, a much more efficient single-pipe heating system for a two-story house can be arranged. The pump circuit has only one serious drawback - dependence on electrical networks. Therefore, where the current is very often turned off, it is worthwhile to install the equipment according to the calculations made for a system with a natural coolant current. By supplementing this design with a circulation pump, it is possible to achieve the most efficient heating of the house.
Reviews on single pipe systems
The opinion of the owners of country houses about this type of equipment was very good. Monotube systems are quite reliable and work quite efficiently. Their main drawback is the uneven heating of the room can be quite easily eliminated by additional methods. This can be, for example, a different way of connecting radiators in rooms near and far from the boiler, using a different number of sections, etc.
In general, according to the owners of suburban areas, the equipment is quite reliable and convenient - a one-pipe heating system for a two-story house. Reviews of such designs allow us to judge them as very practical and at the same time inexpensive.
Installation procedure
A single-tube system is assembled as follows:
- In the utility room, the boiler is installed on the floor or hung on the wall. With the help of gas equipment, the most reliable and efficient one-pipe heating system of a two-story house can be arranged. The connection scheme in this case will be standard and will allow to carry out all work, if desired, even independently.
- Heating radiators are hung on the walls.
- At the next stage, the risers "inlet" and "reverse" are mounted on the second floor. They are located in the immediate vicinity of the boiler. Below the risers joins the contour of the first floor, at the top - the second.
- Next, connect to the battery lines. On each radiator, a shut-off valve (in the bypass supply section) and a Mayevsky tap should be installed .
- In the immediate vicinity of the boiler, an expansion tank is mounted on the "return" pipe.
- Also on the "return" pipe near the boiler, a circulation pump is connected on a bypass with three valves. A special filter crashes in front of him on the bypass.
At the final stage, the system is crimped in order to identify equipment malfunctions and leaks.
As you can see, the one-pipe heating system of a two-story house, the scheme of which is as simple as possible, can be very convenient and practical equipment. However, if you want to use such a simple design, at the first stage it is important to make all the necessary calculations with maximum accuracy.