Among grassy, root and tuberous plants and flowers there are annuals and perennials, and there are biennials.
How to distinguish
From the name it is clear that the first life cycle occurs in one summer - seedlings, growth, flowering and fruiting. Two-year-old flowers and plants are few in nature. In the first summer, they grow roots, a short stem and leaves. By winter, their leaves fade, falling to the ground along with the stem. And biennial plants remain for the winter (on land or in storage) - they need exposure to cold, without which they will not bloom on another, second in their life, summer. In spring, biennials throw a more powerful trunk and abundant leaves, bloom flowers (or form tubers, fruits). After flowering, seeds ripen in them, after which the plants die. This is what biennials are. Examples of perennials are more numerous - these are plants that settle in the ground for a long time, blooming every summer, remaining wintering in the ground, of course, under favorable conditions.
Examples of annual, biennial and perennial plants
First, let's go into the garden. What is growing from annuals here? First of all - potatoes, radishes, tomatoes, peppers (sweet and bitter), cucumber, Savoy and Beijing cabbage , watermelon, melon, pumpkin (pumpkin itself and its "relatives" - crook, zucchini, squash), eggplant, beans, peas, soybeans, corn, sunflower, physalis, rapeseed, borago, anise, basil, hyssop, coriander, dill, fennel, savory, chervil, garden purslane, all kinds of salads (including watercress), spinach, leaf mustard, marjoram. For all these plants, life begins with sowing seeds in the spring and ends in the fall with harvesting in the form of tubers, root crops, seeds, giving birth to their own kind in the next season.
Examples of biennial plants: cabbage (red, white, Brussels, leaf, kohlrabi). From onions - leek and shallots. Two-year root crops - examples: carrots, rutabaga, turnips, radish (white and black), beets, parsley, celery, parsnip. Leafy - parsley and celery - also two-year-olds. Little-known but cultivated valuable biennial plants, examples: chard (leaf beet),
chicory ordinary, lettuce, scorzonera (black
root ),
oat root, shallots. Of the spicy aromas, caraway belongs to biennials.
Perennials are Jerusalem artichoke, sorrel, a
family of onions (the well-known batun, little-known slime, multi-tiered and chives), rhubarb, horseradish, artichoke, asparagus, stachis. Spicy aromatic: tarragon (aka tarragon), lovage, thyme, lemon balm, mint.
Where to put onions
Let's figure it out. First, in the first season, seeds are sown, popularly called chernushka. By the fall receive a seeder - small onions. Of these, the next, second summer, large bulbs grow - a real onion, without which there is little that a meal can do. In the third season, you need to plant such an onion and wait for it to bloom first, and then the seeds - chernushka. It turns out, according to all rules, onions - 3 years old, therefore, perennial.
Flowering biennial plants
Below are examples of those biennials that are beloved by many and therefore well known.
Turkish carnations are the most beautiful Dutch varieties of these flowers - bright, large, velvety and tall. They love a sunny place and rich humus. Intolerant to stagnation of moisture. Effective in large lush groups. They should be protected from freezing, falling asleep with a layer of sawdust in the winter.
Medium bell - a flowering plant of unusual, bewitching beauty. Shrubs of a pyramidal shape with a height of 0.5 - 0.9 m, with large double flowers of blue, lilac, pink and white. He loves the sun, you need to water it under the root. Afraid of the winds - need support.
Daisy - the beauty of spring, photophilous and cold-resistant baby (up to 10 cm in height). With early sowing, it will try to bloom in the first summer, but blooms profusely after wintering - gives 20 to 30 inflorescences at a time. The colors are white, pink, red, burgundy. Prefers loose nutrient soil.
Forget-me-not - unpretentious blue-eyed early spring miracle. Height 20 cm. Good in the vicinity of tulips, daffodils, pansies, primrose. Rich flowering in a cool place with a lace shadow. Decorates the garden and bouquets.
Viola - pansies. Without them, the flower garden is boring. Abundantly blooming, curious, all kinds of colors. Selection and hybridization have done their job, turning a small meadow flower into a real miracle.
Sweet berry
Are there shrubs in our gardens - biennial plants? Examples are raspberries. It propagates by root offspring, which are planted in spring or autumn. In the first year, the shoots grow back, and in the next year they yield crops.