A child attending a pre-school institution is a mandatory component of the comprehensive development of the personality of a future adult. If parents can teach reading and writing at home, then socializing a child is impossible without communicating with peers and completing tasks in a team. Kindergarten contributes to the normal growth of the child, prepares him for adulthood.
Activities in accordance with federal state requirements
There are generally accepted requirements that all preschool institutions in the country must adhere to. Thus, the main types of children's activities in accordance with the FGT include the gaming component, the communicative, labor, cognitive-research, musical-artistic, productive, as well as reading.
A general education program in kindergarten should be implemented not only through the interaction of an adult and a child. The baby must solve many problems on his own. Such activity allows not only to acquire new skills, but also to consolidate existing ones.
Federal-state requirements are developed taking into account regimen moments in children in accordance with age. Based on this, the main types of children's activities must be planned, taking into account periods of sleep and wakefulness.
Game activities in kindergarten
The game can rightfully be called the main activity in a preschool. Role-playing games help personality development, active ones contribute to the rapid physical formation of a child. Any training is much more productive if it is interesting to the baby. It is no coincidence that many educational programs are built specifically in the form of a game.
The entire
preschool age of the child can be divided into two groups. In the younger preschool age, games to a large extent acquire a substantive character. Children study the world around them visually. They try to distinguish one thing from another, to taste it. In older preschool children, babies are already beginning to interact with each other. Role-playing games are becoming popular. And if the teacher builds the educational process correctly, in the form of a game it will be possible to teach children writing and reading. All types of children's activities in kindergarten to one degree or another should be associated with it.
Cognitive research
Cognitive research can be considered an equally important activity. This species is closely related to the game. Indeed, thanks to the latter, the child gets acquainted with the outside world. Cognitive activity is of great importance in any childhood. Depending on the goals that the teacher sets for the children, this type of activity may include experimentation, observation, and excursions.
Separately, you should pay attention to targeted walks. In the warm season, thanks to trips to the park or out of town, the teacher helps children solve several problems at once. Active recreation can be combined with acquaintance with nature and animals of the native land. In addition, fresh air helps improve children's appetite and sleep. An obstacle to daily walks may be too low air temperature or rainfall. In the summer season, teachers must ensure that children spend less time in the open sun and wear hats. Almost all types of children's activities in kindergarten in summer can be carried out in the fresh air.
Communicative activity
The main task of a preschool institution is to prepare the child for a future adult life. A small person must acquire many skills before he enters society. This is not only the ability to talk or use household items for their intended purpose, but also the right communication with others.
Most children simply find a common language with both peers and adults. But in every preschool institution there is always a group of closed kids who find it difficult to socialize. This behavior may be due to character traits or parenting. Often, troubles in the family lead to the fact that the child closes in himself and does not want to communicate with his comrades. The main types of children's activities are aimed at helping such a baby. In a playful way, the teacher helps him open up and establish contact with peers.
Properly organized
communication activities in kindergarten also contributes to the development of the children's speech system. Classes may include talking with children on certain topics, situational tasks, conversation, and solving riddles. The plot games are very popular among kids. In the role of beloved fairy-tale heroes, children become more self-confident, reveal their creative potential.
Labor activity in a preschool institution
In order to exist in a full-fledged society, a child needs not only to learn how to communicate correctly, but also to serve himself. All types of children's activities in kindergarten contribute to the education of kids independence. They should be able to dress properly and hold kitchen appliances without the help of adults.
Household labor is also not in last place. The child should be familiar with adult activities. This is especially true for everyday tasks. Not only the teacher teaches kids the culture of everyday life, but also parents at home. Even in childhood, the parents, along with the educators, must teach the child the accuracy. All babies must clean up toys and kitchen appliances. A preschooler is obliged to know that all things have their places.
The joint activities of an adult and a child also contribute to social development. The kid learns to solve certain everyday tasks faster, begins to understand the degree of his importance in society.
Productive activities
Classes in kindergarten can not be imagined without drawing, modeling and applications. All this is a productive activity that contributes to mental development. In the classroom, kids learn to express their thoughts, to show imagination. It is in kindergarten that a love of art can take shape, and parents usually at this time reveal one or another talent in the child.
Praise is a very important moment of productive activity. In no case should a child of preschool age be advised of errors. The teacher can only guide the child, suggest how it would be optimal to solve a specific problem. It is no coincidence that in pre-school institutions there is no grading system. The child does not need to know that he is drawing or making the application worse than others.
Productive activities in the kindergarten help introduce the child to the surrounding nature, to the primary colors and shapes. In addition, drawing and modeling contribute to the development of coordination of movements.
Musical and artistic activity
Musical activities for children in kindergarten include singing, singing, playing instruments, as well as outdoor games with musical accompaniment. In such classes, children develop creative abilities. Many kids enjoy classes with vocal improvisation. It is musical and artistic activity created to prepare kids for performances. Children learn to feel great in front of a large audience.
Reading in kindergarten
Despite the fact that children begin to read only at school age, educators should teach this skill long before that. The child must first learn to listen and understand the work. A very important skill is the ability to handle a book. The kid should know that you can not tear pages, looking at the illustrations.
In the middle group, the teacher begins to introduce the children to the letters. First of all, children learn easy-to-pronounce letters. These are simple vowels and consonants. Then the kids learn to put letters into syllables, and them into words.
A child’s activities in kindergarten must necessarily be associated with learning small poems. Classes of this kind contribute to mental development, train the memory of the child. Parents can study small stories and tricks with their children at home as well.
Proper leisure activities are also important.
Learning the basic skills of a child in a kindergarten is in the first place. But properly organized cultural and leisure activities in kindergarten is also important. So that children can usefully spend their free time in a group, space must be properly organized. Particular attention to adults should be paid to toys. The corresponding zones in the form of a living corner, kitchen or pharmacy are of great benefit. Special toys make children's role-playing games more intense.
The conditions for the implementation of children's activities in kindergarten also include theatrical events. Performances and fairy tales help children better consolidate the material they have learned. In addition, favorable conditions are created for the full development of the child within the walls of the kindergarten.
Nanny or kindergarten?
Today, more and more parents prefer raising children at home. Meanwhile, it is in the preschool that the baby can get the skills of social-role behavior. Between children, experience is established in a wide variety of forms. Even a negative experience that cannot be obtained within the walls of a native home will benefit the baby. And the game as a leading type of children's activity will contribute to the comprehensive development of the baby in the team.
Along with this, it has advantages and raising a child at home. A nanny with pedagogical education will make every effort to raise a specific child, taking into account the characteristics of his character. This will make it possible to cultivate the best qualities in him.