The powers of the courts of general jurisdiction are substantial: they consider documents that relate to criminal, civil and administrative law. The Russian judicial system is developed in a special way - an authorized panel of judges takes into account specific issues in order to obtain the most common and clear information that will be understood by each participant in the process.
Key Representatives
Before examining the powers of courts of general jurisdiction, it is necessary to understand who possesses them and to what extent.
First of all, such entities include the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation. They also include the supreme courts of the republics, regional, federal courts, district, city, inter-district. Among them there are special units - military and specialized courts. Their activities are monitored and regulated by federal constitutional laws. Justices of the peace are also judges of the peace.
Tasks
The powers of the courts of general jurisdiction of the Russian Federation are formed against the backdrop of the tasks set, the implementation of which is mandatory for all levels. Every member of the judiciary should know about them.
- Permanent protection of human and civil rights and freedoms. It is also necessary to ensure their protection, that is, to prevent possible violations in this area.
- If, however, such rights have been violated or challenged, the court must ensure their protection.
- It is necessary to monitor the state of law and order and strengthen the rule of law.
- It is important to organize activities in such a way as to exclude subsequent offenses and serious crimes, thereby ensuring preventive measures.
- The relentless control of the activities of active personnel and civil servants in terms of the legality of actions.
- Continuous development in the field of judicial practice.
- Structuring data for the purpose of subsequent analysis and recommendations.
- Keep track of legislative changes so that, if necessary, propose amendments to laws or regulations that will help improve state power.
Powers of courts of general jurisdiction
These include the following. Consideration of documents related directly or partially to civil, criminal, administrative law. For example, issues involving violations of the Labor Code, which in one way or another is in contact with civil rights, will be discussed by courts of general jurisdiction. Registration of cases concerning violations in the military sphere. As mentioned above, for this purpose there are special military courts that are responsible for such processes. The system and powers of courts of general jurisdiction include analysis of the entire process of legal proceedings, which helps to create a special system for processing similar cases in the future. This is necessary in order to additionally go through the main points of the case, to study it. Courts also examine procedural acts, and then develop special decisions. They help to change the law in the future so that it is understandable and effective.
The powers of judges and courts of general jurisdiction cover a wide range of cases and offenses; therefore, they are extremely significant for the state.
Territorial jurisdiction
Judicial practice is structured in such a way that in the process of execution it complies with existing federal laws. This helps to properly distribute cases.
The concept of territorial jurisdiction is important in the rotation of cases. It is assumed that the state is conditionally divided into certain zones. In each of them there is a judicial body, whose powers cover streets, houses and, accordingly, residents of this territory. Thus, all offenses occurring within a given area will be considered by the court acting here.
Territorial jurisdiction helps to regulate the activities and powers of the courts of general jurisdiction. It must be understood that each judicial authority has its own tasks, functions and powers. Naturally, their general idea and meaning are identical. The differences lie only in the scope of their goals: it is important to see the difference, for example, between the Supreme Court and the ordinary district court. Cases of various levels are brought before such courts for consideration.
Functions
Legal proceedings are formed through a number of functions:
- providing justice;
- control of the rule of law and the work of other representatives of the law;
- clarification of the current legislation through the judicial process;
- appeals to the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation, if necessary, to make sure that the law or regulation meets all the rules of law.
Courts with similar powers may be given other functions, if this is provided for by applicable law. Thus, powers are formed.