A closed heating system is one of the two main varieties of systems in which the movement of the coolant is carried out using a special circulation pump, that is, forced. Another of the characteristic features of this type of heating is the presence of a closed expansion tank, which is also called a membrane tank.
Device
The one-pipe closed heating system in its design has several structural parts:
- Boiler.
- Circulation pump.
- Heating radiators (batteries).
- Pipeline.
- Membrane expansion tank.
Operating principle
The closed heating system operates as follows. After one of the main devices (boiler) heats the coolant, the volume of liquid in the system will increase, which will then go into the expansion tank. This tank has a special rubber membrane, and the container itself resembles a capsule in shape. Conditionally, the expansion tank can be divided into two parts, one of which is the water chamber (into which the excess of formed water enters), and the second is the air chamber (it is filled with nitrogen, and the whole system is under a certain pressure).
It should be noted that a closed
heating system (the scheme of its principle of operation is shown in the second photo) has the property of returning the water that fell into the tank when the device was heated. She gets into the radiators using a circulation pump. And only when there is not enough fluid in the pipes. In order to exclude the possibility of gas formation, water is returned back from the expansion tank to the boiler and its subsequent elements. At the same time, the device supports both antifreeze and ordinary water as a coolant.
Advantages and disadvantages
One of the main features that a closed heating system owns is its complete isolation from the external environment. Thus, the penetration of any air into the device is completely eliminated. And this extends the life of the entire heating system (the pump does not suffer so much, “swallowing” the air into itself, there is no corrosion that could be caused by the formation of bubbles inside the pipeline). In addition, due to the presence of an expansion tank, you can not monitor the level of remaining water in the radiators. When the boiler is heated, the reservoir absorbs water, and then, when cooled, returns it back.
Due to this, neither gas formation nor water evaporation takes place inside the system. Also, this type of heating is useful in that it has the ability to control and adjust the temperature in different rooms of the room. However, this is only realistic when there is a circulation pump in the system. It is best for him to work with a room thermostat, so that you can completely control the level of the set temperature. Among the disadvantages, the only, perhaps, minus is the dependence of this system on electrical energy. However, this can hardly be called a minus.