The vast majority of people know who is the author of the comedy "Woe from Wit." Why is this name chosen for his work by Alexander Sergeyevich Griboedov? Perhaps this has something autobiographical. In this article we will try to talk about the personality of this worthy person. He combined an encyclopedic mind, undeniable talent, the determination of a hussar and high service to the Motherland.
Multifaceted talent
It is very difficult to answer monosyllabic to the question of who the author of the comedy “Woe from Wit”, referring to his occupation and talents. Diplomat? Military? Politician? Musician? His fate is short, like a swan song. In love, Griboedov, having married, spent only two weeks with his young wife Nina Chavchavadze. Then followed his call to the Persian embassy and martyrdom.
As a diplomat, he was highly appreciated in Russia for his fearlessness and courage in upholding interests in the East. As a politician, he personally proved himself at the signing of the Russian-Persian peace treaty, which served as the frontier of a bloody war. As a playwright, he continued the traditions of realism in the Russian national theater, creating an immortal classic. As a military man, Griboedov served as a cornet. Imagine, it turned out to be a real hussar reveler! All of this below we will tell readers in more detail.
Education
Alexander Sergeyevich was born on January 15, 1790 in an old noble family. From childhood, his abilities were clearly manifested. The raising of children in the Griboedov family was strict; his mother, Anastasia Fedorovna, was an imperious woman and practically ruled the house and property herself.
The suppression of the character of his son, fortunately, was hindered by his passion for science. Already at the age of six, Alexander was fluent in four European languages: French, English, German, Italian. An eighteen-year-old student at Moscow University, who has already become a candidate in verbal sciences, reveled in studies, received a law, and then a physical and mathematical education. The future author of "Woe from Wit" was about to work on a doctoral dissertation, but the war made adjustments to
these plans .
In his heart he remained a hussar
Rereading the biography of Alexander Sergeyevich Griboedov, we can definitely say who is the author of the comedy “Woe from Wit”, referring to his moral character. He was not calculating or intriguing. On the contrary, the future classic, in ardor, valuing the principles of friendship, could get involved in a stupid and dangerous story, even when it entailed negative consequences for himself.
As you guessed, we are talking about the famous quadruple duel, the cause of which was the ballerina Istomina. In 1817, in a duel, Zavadsky mortally wounded Sheremetev, and in 1818 Yakubovich wounded Griboedov in his left hand.
Griboedov yearned for change
Those who answer the question: "Who is the author of the comedy" Woe from Wit? " monosyllables - rebel. Who, if not this one of the most educated people in Russia (he mastered Latin, Greek, Arabic, Turkish, Persian languages in his mature years), knew that serfdom threw back his homeland a century ago?
That is why the comedy “Woe from Wit” was written. Perhaps in order to initiate changes, Griboedov in 1817 became a full member of the Masonic lodges “United Friends” and “Blago” (Petersburg).
The main work of life
The author of “Woe from Wit” began his diplomatic service as Secretary of Mission in Persia. Then he transferred to Tbilisi (Tiflis). Here he wrote the first two acts of "Woe from Wit." Pushkin’s lyceum friend Wilhelm Küchelbecker (future Decembrist) became the first and grateful listener. Soon on leave, spent in Moscow and near Tula, by the autumn of 1824, the remaining two parts of the work were added to the poet-diplomat.
However, the author of the comedy “Woe from Wit” was convinced that there was no pass to his work. After a duel, he was secretly watched by the police. Perhaps the gendarmes were aware of the “seditious play”.
However, despite the efforts of the gendarmes, the leading Russian reading public still saw the announcement of the work: the Russian Waist almanac published excerpts from the comedy. The ban did not prevent people from getting to know comedy in handwritten copies. Excerpts from the play were on the lips of society.
Disgraced Griboedov
The author of the work “Woe from Wit” with his creation undoubtedly ideologically struck the obsolete model of landowner-bureaucratic power supported by tsarism. He was personally acquainted with the Decembrists.
Therefore, in 1825 he was arrested as a suspect of complicity in the uprising on Senate Square. Despite the six-month interrogations, Alexander Sergeyevich, a strong-willed and courageous man, managed to prove his innocence. He was released and sent to Persia, where it was necessary to end the two-year war. As a military man, he participates in several battles, but as a diplomat, Griboedov turned out to be "more valuable than the 20,000th army." The document of the Turkmanchay peace prepared by him in 1828 introduced the Erivan and Nakhichevan Khanates into Russia. For this merit, he was introduced to the rank of state adviser and, having been empowered, was appointed ambassador to Persia.
Last years
They write that this insightful person foresaw his death. In Russia, the authorities tried to "keep him on a short leash." The last year of his life was brightened by the love of the young princess Nina Chavchavadze and the wedding. However, after two weeks of vacation given for the wedding, the diplomat was given a new assignment - to be the plenipotentiary ambassador in Persia. They didn’t love him here.
In fact, Alexander Sergeyevich was sent to a Muslim country, demanding that he carry out assignments, often contrary to the way of local life. Simply put, a potentially dangerous and suspiciously smart diplomat was framed. However, "serving the cause, not the people", and being a man of courage, Alexander Sergeyevich Griboedov did not refuse.
He courageously led a diplomatic mission in a hostile country, tenaciously defended the interests of Russian hostages. Here he was killed by provoked fanatics. Griboedov died as a soldier, organizing the defense of the embassy, being in arms.
Conclusion
The work “Woe from Wit” remained forever in Russian literature as an imperishable monument. The author, Griboedov, never saw him on the stage of the theater (for the first time the premiere took place in 1831). Since then, comedy of amazing depth has been constantly present in the repertoire of theaters.
This pure, honest, courageous and clever man has nevertheless gone down in history forever. The quote above is the words of the widow of the poet-diplomat Nina Chavchavadze-Griboedova, addressed to her already deceased husband.