With the approach of winter and cooling outside, being in garages and utility rooms is becoming less and less comfortable. And the owners of cottages and country houses also have a heating problem. Therefore, the problem arises of heating using such a fairly common type of fuel as firewood. If the stove is made of brick, it will be necessary to constantly heat it, so that the room temperature is maintained at a certain level. A potbelly stove requires a lot of fuel, but it can hardly be called effective.
Modern approach
Heating a country house or a country house can be done in various ways, however, air heating can be considered one of the highly effective methods. Its essence lies in the fact that in the lower part of the building there is a special air heater, which distributes heat throughout the structure through the air duct, returning cold air to the heat source. Such a system can be equipped with various devices, allowing to increase its functionality at times. However, installing such a complex heating system in a house can be quite expensive, so you can use an option such as a long-burning wood stove.
Time tested
This device can be called a descendant of the classic version for heating a room, which has been effective and reliable for many centuries. A long-burning wood -burning stove allows efficient heating of the room without unnecessary effort and cost. This is the best solution if you need to keep the room warm for a long time without additional flooding. Such long-burning wood-burning stoves need to be heated only once every few hours. The intensity of heat generation at the same time remains at the proper level, and at the same time there is a saving of firewood.
Advantages and disadvantages
Long-burning wood-burning heating stoves are characterized by a number of positive qualities, among which the most significant of them can be noted:
- Due to the simplicity and reliability of the design, a long service life of up to 40-50 years is guaranteed. Especially when it comes to samples of cast iron, which are almost not susceptible to corrosion, and are also able to withstand temperature fluctuations and prolonged thermal loads.
- Such a stove can be easily installed in any room, regardless of its stylistic orientation, as it has an aesthetic appearance.
- Fuel availability. At the moment, for many regions, the tree serves as an inexpensive raw material, especially if the heater is not used constantly, but only a few weeks a year.
- Wood is an environmentally friendly material, therefore a long-burning wood-burning stove does not become a source of environmental pollution, and when using softwood, the atmosphere in the house will be filled with useful coniferous fragrance.
- Thanks to the long-term combustion technology, it is possible to significantly increase efficiency - up to 85-90%, while fuel consumption will be reduced.
The disadvantages of such heating devices are the lack of automation, so they are unable to work without regular supervision. A long-burning wood-burning stove needs a high-quality chimney, which will constantly undergo significant heating during operation. The mandatory presence of a pipe excludes the use of such devices as autonomous heating systems in multi-storey buildings.
Principle of work and design features
Depending on the model, a long-burning wood-burning stove can be equipped with a convection heating system or a water heat exchanger. The simplest models make a room warmer solely by heating the air in contact with a heated case. Long-burning devices use appropriate technology, which is based on the release of pyrolysis gas by wood. The furnace furnace for this is divided into a pair of separate chambers, which are connected by a burner. In the first chamber, the wood itself is burned, and in the second, the wood gas. The device of the furnace - regardless of its design - implies the obligatory presence of an ash pan located directly under the furnace. It collects residual combustion products in the form of ash and ash, which are poured into it through a grate in the bottom of the furnace. The opening of the ash pan in most stoves allows you to adjust the air supply to the combustion chamber, which affects the intensity of fuel combustion. By the same principle, you can independently make wood-burning stoves for baths.
Basic installation rules
If you take into account that the metal case of the device is subjected to strong heating during operation, it should be understood that the furnace should not be installed near objects that may ignite from thermal effects. It is necessary to leave a free space of 20-30 centimeters to any of the surfaces. The floor and walls in the area of installed heaters will most likely be equipped with screens that repel heat. It is important to pay special attention to the chimney. The subsequent operation of the furnaces, as well as the duration of their operation in general, depends on the quality of the pipe used.
The assembly procedure of a homemade long burning furnace
For work you will need a channel, pipes and a steel barrel of 200 liters. A wood-burning stove with your own hands can be made by analogy with the Lithuanian Strupov stoves: in the steel barrel, it is necessary to cut down the upper part, and then carefully align the sharp edges. Next, in the top lid of the tank, a hole should be made for the chimney, the diameter of which should not be less than 150 mm. This is the only way to ensure complete removal of combustion products. Here, another hole is made, designed for an additional pipe, which serves as a source of air intake, which makes the combustion process as efficient as possible. A cover is now installed in which an opening for the blow pipe is made. Such a system allows you to load a lot of fuel at once. As a boiler, you can use not only a barrel, but also any other metal container.