Usually people think that there are poisonous and very dangerous mushrooms, only going out into the forest for a “silent hunt”. But they do not always take this responsibly. A large number of poisonings occur not only in the fall, but also in the winter period, when the time comes to regale on prepared supplies. This suggests that it is very important to understand mushrooms, the life of many loved ones can depend on such knowledge.
Are edible mushrooms dangerous?
Even the much-loved boletus, mushrooms and mushrooms are heavy food for the body, which can cause serious problems for a completely healthy person. And if they are collected by the road, where they received an additional portion of poison or near a chemical plant, how many “charms” will they bring in their pulp to the dining table? It is very important to know not only the collection rules, but also reliable methods of processing, drying and preservation. And, of course, about which mushrooms are the most dangerous for health. The use of many of them causes terrible harm to the body and can even lead to death.
Types of Poisonous Mushrooms
Experienced mushroom pickers can identify them from afar. All poisonous mushrooms are divided into three types:
• Cause food poisoning. These include, cobwebs, whitish talker, Mayan rowan, fiberglass, mycene, galerine, some types of russula, false raincoat, curly collibia, oily. In case of poisoning with these mushrooms, the first signs can be detected within an hour, and full recovery occurs only on the third or fourth day.
• Leading to disruption of the central nervous system. This is Amanita panther, Amanita muscaria, some rank and file. Symptoms appear two hours after ingestion. Timely medical care provided leads to a complete recovery.
• Deadly. This group includes pale grebe, gray-yellow honey agaric, smelly fly agaric, spring fly agaric . These are the most dangerous mushrooms in our forests. The poison contained in them enters the kidneys and liver of a person. The toxic effect, leading to irreversible consequences, manifests itself only after two days.
There is another type of mushroom called conditionally edible. In such mushrooms, poison is completely eliminated by careful and repeated heat treatment.
Mushroom Poisoning Prevention
Eating even an edible mushroom can be dangerous, so you need to follow some rules when collecting these forest gifts:
• Take only young, beautiful mushrooms that are not eaten by worms.
• Collect them in ecologically clean forests.
• Be sure to rinse and boil the mushrooms several times before eating.
• Do not salt and pickle them in galvanized dishes.
• Some types of mushrooms (conditionally edible) need to be soaked before cooking for several hours.
Dishes prepared from these forest products are not recommended:
• Children under 8 years old.
• Nursing mothers and pregnant women.
• People with gastrointestinal diseases.
Deadly Mushrooms
Among them, the most poisonous are pale grebe and all kinds of fly agaric. Going into the forest, you need to know how they look.
Death cap
The hat in diameter has a size of 5 to 10 cm. The color is greenish-gray, with a brown spot in the center. The edges of the cap are not striped, smooth. On the underside are white plates. There is a ring on the leg, its length is up to 10 cm, thickness is about 1 cm. It grows in mixed forests. These dangerous mushrooms are sometimes confused with russula, mushrooms. In no case should you take it! If you use a pale toadstool for food, salvation is almost impossible.
Even with a tactile effect, the poison has a toxic effect on the skin. Do not touch the eyes and mucous membranes if you have touched this fungus with your hands. The toxin contained in it does not dissolve in water at all, does not disappear during boiling or drying. The first signs of poisoning caused by these dangerous mushrooms are: cold sweat, severe abdominal pain, cold hands and feet, headaches. If they are found, you must immediately call a doctor.
Fly agaric
They come in several forms. The color of the hat can be red, gray-green, gray, white, yellow, tan, brown. In its young form, it is hemispherical, sometimes with a pointed apex. In adulthood - flat. A ring is necessarily present on the leg thickened below. Even a small portion eaten can be fatal to humans. Signs of poisoning are the same as in a pale toadstool. These are very dangerous mushrooms, whose photos delight in their amazing beauty.
Help with poisoning
If it happens that a mushroom toxin enters the body, you need to urgently take measures and immediately seek help from a doctor. Before his arrival, you should take activated charcoal several times and drink plenty of fluids; it will also be useful to use laxatives and emetics. You need to put a heating pad on your legs, as with poisoning the limbs get colder. It is advisable to drink sweet strong tea, milk.
To avoid trouble, before visiting the forest, it is recommended to stock up on the mushroom guide and study it thoroughly. The smallest part of the poison can lead to serious consequences.