If your plans include the demolition of an old building in order to free up precious space to start a new construction, reconstruction of a building or a simple redevelopment, then sooner or later you will be faced with the task of finding a quality service for dismantling the floor. In addition, such a service may be needed by those who are interested in improving the appearance of the facade of their home or creating new ventilation in the premises.
The dismantling of floor slabs is an extremely time-consuming and technologically complex process, which must be carried out exclusively by specialists in their field. That is, it is certainly not worth it to personally dismantle heavy and bulky floors. Moreover, it is desirable to perform this procedure if you have the appropriate inventory and equipment. But those who nevertheless decided to independently engage in the dismantling of floor slabs or want to carefully monitor hired workers, it will be interesting to know how to properly perform such work.
Dismantling preparation
Before proceeding with the dismantling of the ceiling, you must first disassemble the plumbing, eliminate the wiring, flooring. Then you should repair the existing jumpers and walls, as well as close up openings that will not be used in the future. In parallel with these actions, it is necessary to examine the general condition of the overlap:
- place the ceiling structure to determine the sequence and methods of the upcoming work;
- assess the level of wear to identify weaknesses and their temporary reinforcement or fencing;
- determine the reliability of the lower floors for the possibility of collapse of the upper plates or the installation of special supports;
- to inspect the place of installation of temporary cover and storage of dismantled materials.
It is impossible to dismantle floors on several floors at the same time under any circumstances.
Dismantling floors on wooden beams
Such work involves the removal of backfill, disassembly of the run-ups, the filing of beams and the ceiling. Backfill, and in the attic - a previously loosened coating, must be collected in containers and lowered using a tower crane. If there is no tower crane in your arsenal, you can use inclined trays to descent materials, having moistened them in advance. The rebounds can be dismantled with a crowbar, just tearing the boards from the bars. The binder of the ceiling structure should also be dismantled with a crowbar, and the torn boards can be dropped to the lower floor or supported on partitions.
Floor beams, which can be used in the future, are disassembled differently:
- first of all, under the bars it is necessary to bring temporary supports;
- then you should free the edges of the beams, thus increasing the gaps and gently bending the metal fasteners at the same time;
- after which the beam must be brought to special scaffolds and sawed off one of its edges;
- then both parts of the timber must be lowered to the lower tier and carried out through the window openings.
Builders who have a tower crane at their disposal can dismantle the ceilings in blocks of 2-4 beams, binder or roll. The block is formed due to the release of all its elements from the fasteners and nearby parts of the building. Slinging can be done using a special traverse or sling.
Dismantling wooden floors on iron beams
This type of dismantling is done in the same way as disassembling the floor on wooden beams. The dismantling of such a ceiling is distinguished solely by the removal of iron beams. To do this, along the supporting partitions, it is necessary to place the scaffolds and free the edges of the beams, horizontally punching the grooves in the walls. After this, the beams must be pulled out of the nests, turning them in horizontal furrows. You can eliminate the removed beams either with the help of a tower crane, or manually through the window openings. Overlappings on metal beams cannot be dismantled in large blocks.
Dismantling of brick and concrete floors
Dismantling the floor from concrete or brick vaults on iron beams is carried out in the following order: removing backfill, disassembling the base, removing beams. Taking into account certain factors, it is necessary to disassemble the arches either in the transverse or longitudinal pattern.
Under the longitudinal scheme of the dismantling is the installation of the appropriate spacers along the length of the beams. For this work, spacers made of timber or logs with a diameter of 140-180 mm are suitable. Spacers are placed at intervals of 2-3 m along the bottom of the beams on the same line, perpendicular to the axes in the furrows, which should be done in arches beforehand. Only after the correct placement of suitable spacers can the direct dismantling of the ceiling begin.
The transverse operation scheme involves the placement of spacers with an interval of 1.5-2 m. At the same time, temporary clamps are not installed. On the beams of overlap should be placed bridges for walking along which builders move.
Dismantling a monolithic slab
Before starting such work, it is first necessary to determine the exact design of the removed floor, the direction of flight of the plates, as well as the placement of the main and secondary beams. It should be borne in mind that the base is first disassembled and only then the beams. In no case should you neglect this rule. Otherwise, the ceiling will simply collapse on the lower floor.
Cost
The prices for dismantling the ceiling primarily depend on its variety, its area and general condition. Consider an example. The cost of dismantling a dilapidated wooden floor is only 500 rubles, but the price for removing concrete or iron structures can reach 2000 rubles. But even if it seems to you that the cost of dismantling is too high, do not try to take on this procedure yourself. Remember that this is a very difficult task, which is extremely difficult to carry out without special equipment, tools and, of course, skills.