Boiler equipment for the heating function is considered the most productive and efficient. Unlike classic home heaters, such units for the most part can form the main heating system, and not just the auxiliary one. But there are also downsides to such equipment. It costs more and requires large energy costs. From the point of view of economic feasibility, the best solution would be a gas boiler with a closed combustion chamber, which also has a high degree of safety. This is a modern variation of the traditional combustion system, but with a number of structural modifications and improvements.
Boiler device
The overall unit design is generally similar to models working with an open firebox. In the simplest modification, a single-circuit gas boiler with a closed combustion chamber has three components. This is the camera itself and its infrastructure, two expansion tanks and storage capacity. Added to this is the pipeline infrastructure, which provides a connection between these elements and at the same time can act as a conductor of heat throughout the house.
The basis of the boiler unit is a burner, which does not work from oxygen in the room, but from the supply of air from the outside. This explains the high reliability of this equipment. Depending on the requirements, a double-circuit gas boiler with a closed combustion chamber can be effective, additionally equipped with units to ensure hot water supply. Such models are more expensive and more difficult to install, but more productive and functional. To ensure a similar task of hot water supply due to a single-circuit boiler, an additional boiler installation will be required, which will cost more.
Principle of operation
Most often, such boilers are used to service two systems. First of all, this is the heating function, which is performed by single- and double-circuit systems. The second option is also able to work on providing hot water. In both cases, the base of the boiler is a gas flare device. It works from a central gas pipeline or from a tank filled with liquefied fuel. A modern gas boiler with a closed combustion chamber is equipped with an electromagnetic valve element, which automatically stabilizes the function of the unit. Since gas equipment is considered to be the most dangerous from the point of view of everyday operation, closed-burner model designers seek to minimize risks in all aspects, and the presence of valves is one of the main protective devices. After the burner has completed its heating task, water is sent along the contours to the appropriate tanks, or is distributed for circulation around the house.
Exhaust system
In boilers with a traditional combustion system and natural exhaust, smoke removal of their gas burner device through the inner surface of the heat exchanger is provided. This function is also regulated to some extent by the draft stabilizer, which is interfaced with the chimney duct. In the latest versions of the units, this mechanism has been improved. So, even a budget single-circuit wall - mounted gas boiler can be equipped with a productive fan-smoke exhaust with a pressure sensor. The safety mechanism may shut off the fuel supply to the burner if there is a violation of the ventilation function.
Automation
Automatic systems are implemented to provide two types of functions - control and security. In the first case, the sensors and controllers set the optimal, from the point of view of the user program, system operation parameters. In particular, they set the desired ignition mode, control the burner output, adjust the volume of water for circulation, etc. With regard to security systems, a gas boiler with a closed combustion chamber in this part is mainly protected from dangerous situations that may occur during the process operation. For example, special sensors can turn off the burner if a flame goes out. Even if abnormalities in the operation of the flare control system are detected, a protective sensor can disable the operation of the boiler. The same applies to cases of insufficient coolant flow, in case of irregularities in smoke extraction, during unit overheating, etc.
Varieties
The differences between single and dual circuit models have already been considered, but this equipment also differs in the type of placement method. In particular, floor and wall units are popular. If you plan to purchase a powerful and productive assistant for serving hot water and warmth in a large house, then it is better to choose a floor-standing gas boiler with a closed combustion chamber with a volumetric tank. Installation on a solid screed or other foundation basis implies physical stability of the device operation - accordingly, it makes no sense to save on the working potential of the equipment.
Wall-mounted models are advantageous in that they save space, although in terms of installation, some versions can also cause a lot of problems. It all depends on the model of the unit and the materials of local finishes. In addition, a wall-mounted gas boiler with a closed combustion chamber rarely has high power - most often these are single-circuit models. Therefore, this option will be advantageous in the heating infrastructure of a small private house or single room.
User's manual
To begin with, it should be noted that the boiler should be located only in rooms intended for this kind of equipment. This does not have to be a technical room - the unit can be installed in the bathroom, in the kitchen, in the utility room or in the garage. The main thing is that the conditions in this place do not contradict the fire safety rules. It is possible to use a gas boiler with a closed combustion chamber when all heating and water supply circuits are connected. User interaction with equipment is implemented through special relays and control panels. Usually these parts are equipped with ergonomic regulators with sensors and indicators of the operating parameters of the boiler. For example, heat carrier volumes, temperature, burner operating mode, etc. are indicated.
Manufacturers and prices
In the domestic market there are many worthy offers from Bosch, Baxi, Protherm, Vaillant and others. For the most part, these are wall-mounted models that differ in modest dimensions and at the same time high performance. For example, the Bosch Gaz 7000W modification has a 35 kW power potential, which is enough to service homes with a total area of up to 350 m2. In terms of cost, of course, this equipment is not one of the most attractive. For example, a gas boiler with a closed combustion chamber, the price of which is 20-25 thousand rubles, is considered a budget. Solid versions from large brands are estimated at 40-50 thousand. But, the practice of operation shows that these costs justify themselves in the long term.
Conclusion
The use of gas equipment provides several significant advantages. Firstly, gas consumption with access to the central supply line will be inexpensive - at least in comparison with electrical equipment. Secondly, even a low-power gas boiler, wall-mounted single-circuit with the competent organization of the contour scheme, can provide heat to a medium-sized house. Again, if the circulation is correctly calculated, then the need for additional point sources of heating may disappear. But for large houses, it is still advisable to turn to double-circuit complexes with capacious drives. This is a multifunctional equipment that will solve several problems at once in the content of private home ownership.