A special-purpose electrical device operating autonomously from a mechanical engine is a synchronous generator. The device has found application in the private sector. It is used to generate an electric current of industrial frequency. In addition, the invention operates as a current generator for welding equipment. The synchronous machine is mounted in diesel and gasoline power plants.
Synchronous generator. Device
The electric machine consists of:
1. The stator.
2. The rotor.
3. The windings of the generator.
4. Current compounding systems.
5. Stator winding switch.
6. Welding current rectifier.
7. Cables.
8. The welding device.
9. The rotor windings.
10. Regulated current source (constant).
A synchronous generator is used in the following modes: a 50 Hz current generator, a welding synchronous generator, and a device with an increased frequency. The invention makes it possible to create small-sized electrical units of universal application. A synchronous generator drives the equipment in places with no centralized power networks. It can be used in farms far from settlements.
The characteristics of the synchronous generator are designed to create an electric generator with new consumer capabilities. This means that when implementing this invention, the same device can be operated as a power source with a frequency of 50 Hz or more, and also as a supplier of current rectified for arc welding, it is endowed with a steeply supplying external characteristic of the working area. This ensures welding properties that are not inferior to three-winding collector welding DC generators.
How does a synchronous generator work?
The principle of operation is based on electromagnetic induction . There is a conversion of mechanical energy into electrical energy . The electric machine works as a generator (in its mode). In this case, the rotational frequencies of the magnetic fields of the stator and rotor are the same. Voltage is applied to the rotor windings and a magnetic field is generated. Rotating, it penetrates the stator winding and forms an emf in it.
The rotor is of phase and squirrel-cage type, depending on the type of winding. Auxiliary stator winding creates a rotating magnetic field. It induces a magnetic field on the rotor, which induces EMF. At the time of starting up the power plant, the rotor creates a low voltage magnetic field . With increasing speed, the EMF in the field winding increases. Winding voltage penetrates the rotor through the auto-adjusting unit. The output voltage is controlled by changing the magnetic field. Stability is provided by changing the magnetic field of the rotor by adjusting the current in its winding. This adjustment method provides stabilization of the output voltage of the device.
Advantages and disadvantages of a synchronous generator
The former refers to the constancy of the outgoing voltage. The downside is the possibility of overload at high load. The regulator can increase the current in the rotor winding. The disadvantages of a synchronous type generator can also be attributed to the presence of a brush device. Over time, it will need maintenance. In our time, this flaw has been eliminated.
Modern synchronous-type generators are produced without a brush assembly. The equipment of a new generation has a long service life, reliability in operation in difficult production conditions. Integrated sensors and electronics provide real-time operation. The latest technological solutions provide the synchronous generator with high efficiency. Products are used in industry and in ship equipment.