During the period of planting vegetables, gardeners have a lot of work. Entrepreneurial owners try to lighten and speed up some of them. To do this, make simple devices from improvised means. For information on how to make a manual plow for planting, hilling and digging potatoes yourself, read the article.
Purpose of a manual plow
Okuchnik is a simple device for working on two people. Its design consists of the following elements:
- A two-body organ, which includes a cutting knife.
- Front traction by which one person pulls the plow forward.
- Rear crank. It is designed so that another worker controls the device.
A manual plow hiller, the photo of which is located above, is intended to simplify the work associated with growing potatoes. With its help, furrows and beds are cut, the soil is loosened, vegetables are planted, and hilling is carried out.
Materials and Tools
To independently make a manual plow that will facilitate the processing of potatoes, you need to have:
- A vertical stand 90-100 centimeters long, which is used as a hollow pipe for water pipe with a diameter of 1 inch (2.54 centimeters).
- A hollow pipe with a diameter of ¾ one inch. Front and rear traction will be made from it.
- Sheet steel for the manufacture of dumps 1-2 mm thick.
- Lanyard for connecting the upright with the front link. You can use a steel plate with holes made in it. She will adjust the angle of attack.
- To heat the metal at the bends, you need a blowtorch or gas burner.
- To weld metal elements, a welder is required.
- Saw grinder.
The independent creation of the hiller includes the manufacture of individual elements: a rack, two rods, a cutting knife, dumps.
Upright
A pipe is taken 90-100 centimeters. 30-40 centimeters are measured from its end and a bend is made, the angle of which should be 10-15 degrees. To do this, you need a special tool. If it is not, then to obtain a smooth bend, the pipe is densely packed with sand, and plugs are inserted into the ends at it.
The place of the proposed bend is heated to redness, the pipe bends to obtain the angle of the desired size. Thanks to the sand in the pipe, the walls are not compressed inward, the cross section remains round. It is impossible to make a manual plow without a vertical stand. It is needed in order to weld and attach rods and dumps to it.
Production of dumps
For this, 1- or 2-mm plates of the same size are needed. They are cut according to the pattern, after which they are given a semicircular shape with a bend. The plates are welded to the manufactured rack. At the junction, a neat seam is made by welding. Using a grinder, the blade is ground to a smooth and sharp state.
Making a cutting knife
The manual plow has a structure in which this element must be present.
When the plow goes deep into the soil, it exerts resistance, which the steel knife takes on, sharpened at an angle of 45 degrees. The place of its connection with the upright is its lower end.
Traction
The rear element is made in the form of a fork, resembling the letter "P". Its width is 50 centimeters, and the length of the handles is 20. A pipe length of 30 centimeters is welded in the center of the fork, vertically to its surface. This pipe bends in the same way as a vertical stand, the height of which is adjusted by drilling holes: at the end of the stand from above and on the fork, in its vertical part.
The manufacture of the front link is the same as the rear link. The difference is only in size. The handles are made so long that a person can stand between them, and it is convenient for him to hold them. The fork in the vertical part is 60-70 centimeters long and flattened at the end. Holes are made on it for attaching to a vertical rack.
Landing technology
A very important point is that when using aggregates of different types for planting potatoes, the distance between its seeds in a row should be 20-30 cm, and the depth of their seeding - 10-15 cm.
The use of a normal hiller with its attachment to a walk-behind tractor reduces the cost of physical labor. For a more comfortable placement of potatoes in the furrows increase the capture of wings. This is achieved due to the fact that the dumps are shifted. If you use the Neva motor-block, the emphasis and wings are removed from it, but if the Salute is used, such manipulations are not necessary. A prerequisite when using any walk-behind tractor is the attachment of lug wheels to it.
If a manual plow is used for planting, the gauge should be left at 60 centimeters. Potato tubers are laid out in furrows at an equal distance between them. Wheels of rubber are put on a walk-behind tractor of any brand, while the gauge should remain the same. A maximum gap is left between the wings of the unit. After all the preparatory work, the rows are covered with fresh soil.
Hobbing technology
In order for potatoes to produce good crops, they need to be looked after. Hilling is one of the necessary agricultural activities. Carrying out it using a garden tool such as a chopper is a very time-consuming process. To facilitate work and speed up the process helps manual plow-hoe. With its help, the soil is cultivated between plantings. Thanks to the simple design of the fixture, the earthing technology is straightforward. The work procedure is as follows:
- Hands need to hold on to the handle.
- Okuchnik pull forward.
- Correct dumps in a given direction.
If the potato occupies a large area, it is advisable to use a walk-behind tractor, on which you need to install 2 baking powder on the front and a hiller on the back, with which potato bushes will be covered with soil. The process can be accelerated with the help of three-row nozzles. At the same time 3 rows of landings will be spudding.
Plowing potato cultivation
To work with such a device, you need to correctly set the angle of attack (rotation), as well as the depth of immersion in the ground. When working with a manual plow, the potato hiller should not be removed from the ground. If this happens due to negligence, the rack must be tilted back. With the opposite phenomenon - forward.
Processing potatoes using a disk hiller
Work with such a device is possible taking into account and setting two parameters:
- The distance that should be between the drives. It depends on the size of the planted potatoes and is 40-70 centimeters.
- The angle of attack or turn. Both drives have the same value.