The heating system of a private house in most cases is organized on the basis of the boiler. Having picked up the unit according to the characteristics of thermal power and functionality, it is possible to organize an effective system to create the optimal home microclimate. However, the performance of the equipment depends not only on its characteristics. During operation, the boiler piping will be of great importance, which determines the energy efficiency of the heating system, its safety and reliability.
What equipment does the boiler interact with?
As the functionality of heating units increases, the area of action also expands. If traditional wood-fired boilers with one circuit are capable of generating only thermal energy, then modern multifunctional plants support a whole range of tasks, including the maintenance of hot water. Only one heating of water with a boiler covers radiators, a floor heating system and other circuits along which the coolant is distributed. In each case, complex configurations of the boiler piping are implemented, involving assembly fittings from different groups. At a minimum, these should be distribution nodes, valves, taps, shut-off fittings, temperature controllers and, in general, control automation. One of the most important piping circuits is the line of connection to the circulation pump, due to which a sufficient force of water movement through the organized system is maintained.
Optimum material for tying
Plumbing connections are actively being translated into plastic pipes and related fittings. This is a practical, convenient and financially justified solution, but there are a number of nuances in using this material. So, underwater channels in accordance with the regulations must be rigid. Therefore, on the segments of the approach to the nozzles, it is recommended to dock the propylene with metal components. At home, this problem is often solved by means of a steel drive or "American". Further, the channels are distributed through plastic. It is convenient in the implementation of complex circuits, but the connections in the circuits should be done carefully.
It is advisable to mount the heating boiler piping according to the pipe soldering method, using fittings of suitable formats in parallel. Sudden transitions should be avoided, since the same polypropylene under dynamic loads loses the rigidity of the joints and leaks can be detected over time. The only material that you should completely refuse to install the harness is rubber and all its derivatives from tow to paronite with rubber. Under the influence of heat, they quickly lose their sealing and adhesive qualities, reducing the reliability of the system.
Harness in a natural circulation system
This configuration is considered simplified, since it does not have a circulation pump. The user will need to organize the system so that the movement of the coolant occurs arbitrarily without power support. The same applies to the outflow of cold water. A typical set of additional equipment in this system is a combination of an expansion tank and a radiator. Electrical connections are excluded, as well as in principle a network connection. Before tying the boiler, exact calculations are made of the diameter of the pipes, the slope of the laying contours and the interaction patterns of the collectors with the water supply. It is assumed that the heating unit will provide the coolant to the radiators at the upper point, and receive cold flows from the central pipeline at the bottom.
Binding in a forced circulation system
The inclusion of a pump system provides three positive operational factors:
- Reducing the size of the switching infrastructure (strapping).
- Possibility of automation of management.
- Stability of maintaining the force of movement of the coolant.
But in this case, one can not do without careful calculations on the balances of circulation of flows. First of all, a pump is connected at the lower point of supply to stimulate the passage of cold water. At the upper level, the piping of double-circuit boilers also provides for the inclusion of a circulating unit that will serve the hot flows entering the radiator installation. The principal feature of such a scheme will be the possibility of introducing a boiler unit with hydraulic heat equalizers in all circuits. But, again, it is possible to properly organize the operation of a forced heating system only with detailed circuit calculations with an emphasis on consumption and boiler power.
Organization of collector wiring
Sophisticated multi-stage distribution nodes are not often used in home heating systems. Many see them as structural redundancy and impracticality, limiting themselves to more compact tees and splitters. But, in the systems serving heating installations, boilers and hot water supply, more modern collector ridges are more effective. The convenience of such a connection configuration is determined by the fact that the input channels are independent of the connection to the discharge circuits.
The collector unit itself acts as a universal adapter adapter, allowing you to individually work with each connection. This connection method is especially advantageous if the boiler is piped with additional means of controlling pressure and temperature. That is, on each connection line it will be possible to install a pressure gauge or other measuring device, independently evaluating the operating parameters in individual areas. In traditional connection mechanisms, any changes in the circuits require the complete dismantling of the existing channel.
Features piping gas boiler
Since gas equipment runs on explosive fuel, special protective devices are provided in its communication system. Initially, the installation should be organized so that direct burning is provided to the channel of the chimney or ventilation. This is necessary to remove the remnants of the gas itself. As for protective systems, the binding of gas heating boilers in the power supply circuits is carried out with a fuse and voltage regulator. If you plan to use the unit on liquefied gas, then in the basic configuration you should dismantle the nozzles and install a gas valve. The boiler body itself is insulated with heaters and protected by a metal frame.
General binding guidelines
In each case, the process of connecting the boiler will have its own technical features and nuances. But there are general rules that should be considered regardless of the conditions for the binding:
- The starting point for starting the installation will be the collector as the central connecting unit.
- The diameter of the inner pipes must be at least 32 mm. Large-format circuits are conducted from the pipeline to the heat generator, and channels with a smaller diameter are directed to the consuming units.
- Water radiators are preferably located below the distributor. If the wall boiler is strapping, then the switching kit will have to turn on the circulation pump, which will balance the distribution of the coolant.
- Measuring and regulating accessories in the form of sensors, filters, manometers and taps are installed at the final stage of installation.
Conclusion
When performing the calculation of the harness, it will be useful to think about the possibility of future modernization or reorientation of the infrastructure with minimal costs. You should also initially evaluate the need to connect the unit to the main home communications. For example, strapping solid fuel boilers requires a chimney at the installation site with a suitable height and cross section. Gas equipment, in turn, can be supplied with fuel not only from cylinders, but also from central channels. In each case, the very availability of the required communications and the technical feasibility of tying with them are provided.