The painting and drying chamber is a closed room equipped with special equipment where paint work is carried out in accordance with established fire safety standards. The camera is not only staining cars, but also drying them, which is also performed on the basis of established technology.
Design features
Most often, spray booths are needed when equipping car services and factories where machinery is manufactured. Separate cameras allow rational use of space and speed up the process. The device of the spray-drying chamber is simple:
- The closed chamber in which coloring, drying is carried out.
- Supply ventilation system, which is additionally equipped with filters.
- Heat generator.
- Exhaust system with optional air filters.
Features of work
Painting and drying chambers for cars operate on the basis of regulation of turbulence and air pressure in the room. To do this, use a special system that optimizes the circulation of air flow. Filters become dirty during use, so paint droplets can accumulate in the air. To avoid these phenomena, it is necessary to adjust the air pressure inside the chamber by the correct arrangement of floor and ceiling filters evenly throughout the chamber.
The painting and drying chamber is equipped with doors that are characterized by good tightness when closing. The inner walls are most often painted with a persistent composition of white color - it allows you to control the degree and intensity of the color of the product. The inside of the chamber is also coated with polymers and powder spraying, which is characterized by resistance and durability. Special double walls of the drying chamber have a layer in the form of a heat insulating layer resistant to fire. This prevents heat loss during drying and painting.
Safety Compliance
The painting and drying chamber is a high-risk premises in terms of fire safety. That is why, when designing cameras, the rules for installing electrical equipment must be taken into account and building codes must be observed.
No matter what the size of the camera, it must be equipped with high-quality explosion-proof ventilation systems. To create the room itself, heat-insulating non-combustible mineral materials are used. Another mandatory element is a fire extinguishing system. Since the temperature regime is created by the heat exchanger, it is important to equip it with a thermostat, which, if necessary, will simply turn off the power. When designing electrical equipment, it is important to provide protective grounding.
Installation Features
Installation of the spray-drying chamber is usually carried out in two ways. The first involves the installation of equipment on a prepared concrete base with a light strip foundation at floor level. This way of installing the camera is simple and reliable, but not cheap. The second method involves mounting the camera on an elevated metal structure created from profiled section metal. This method is cheaper, but the height of the chamber floor and the workshop itself will be different, so the installation of transitional ladders or bridges will be required.
If you create a painting and drying chamber with your own hands, great attention should be paid to the equipment of the ventilation system. Ideally, the room should not have dead zones, and therefore circulation and the location of special valves that will maintain pressure at the right level should be properly designed. It is important that solvents and aerosols are effectively removed in the room, so the air flow should not move more slowly than 20 cm per second.
Attention to the heating and lighting system
The painting and drying chamber operates on the basis of a heat exchanger, which is additionally equipped with a thermostat. A high temperature resistant stainless steel heat exchanger is created. The type and shape of the models depends on the design features of the burner, which controls the automatic unit. Heat generators are presented in three types: with diesel, electric and gas heating. The electric model is rarely used, since the heating and cooling of the chamber is too slow.
The gas burner generator is stable, but requires a long design and further coordination. The most stable option is the use of a diesel heat generator, the installation of which does not need to be coordinated.
Painting and drying chambers for cars should be equipped with at least 10 lamps located in the ceiling at an angle of 45 about . If high-quality painting is required, lighting equipment should also be mounted in the side walls. This lighting is quite enough for the painted surface to be processed accurately, evenly and finely. The standard size of illumination is considered to be 1000-2000 lux.
Selection of spray booth air filters
The spray booth should be equipped with a ventilation system with filter elements that can change. Moreover, their replacement should be carried out as quickly and easily as possible. From the point of view of design, filters for spray booths should be evenly distributed over the entire working surface of the chamber and ceiling. The most popular filters are for cleaning the supply and exhaust air. According to the standards, the degree of filter cleaning in the chamber must be at least 99%. To achieve this efficiency, it is advisable to install two filters or multi-stage systems. The essence of their work is that at the first stage, air is purified from large particles, and then finely dispersed fractions and volatile compounds are purified. The bottom filter should not be installed on the exhaust duct, as it will quickly become dirty and will have to be changed often.
Types and features of cameras
The production of spray booths is carried out in different ways from the point of view of heating and ventilation. For example, depending on the type of ventilation system, three types of chambers are distinguished:
- With increased pressure.
- With a passing stream of air.
- With rarefaction of air.
The most popular models are with increased pressure, as they are equipped with a more efficient blower fan.
All spray booths work in several modes:
- Painting.
- Excerpts.
- Drying
- Purge.
In the painting mode, the camera heats up to the temperature at which the car or product is painted. The optimum color temperature is above 20 °. The painting mode is quickly replaced by drying, during which the air is cleaned of residual solvent for 15 minutes. In the drying mode, the fans turn off, and the chamber operates in the recirculation stage, forming a matting of the varnish and contributing to the formation of an explosive mixture. Drying is carried out at a temperature of 60 about .
After 30 minutes, the burner shuts off, the air damper closes, and the purge mode starts. The purge is performed by supplying outside air to the chamber, then after 5 minutes the cooling ends and the fans turn off.
Popular Models: Saima
Saima painting and drying chamber is used for painting and further drying of cars, vans, mini-trucks. This OSK can work with different types of paints and varnishes. Walls and ceiling railings are made of sandwich panels filled with polyurethane foam. The standard equipment of the zero cycle consists of a rectangular hole in which the frame is mounted. It can be made on an individual project.
Saima painting and drying chamber consists of wall panels, which are characterized by increased heat and sound insulation. Cleaning filters are located along the entire length of the ceiling, and lighting is performed by 12 lamps. Additional equipment is provided by a Riello diesel burner.
Krost cameras
The spray-drying chamber created by the Krost brand is electric. The model is presented in four possible variants - SK-1, SK-2 and SK-3, and SK-4 are two independent chambers that are separated by a heat-insulating curtain. If it is closed, you can paint two cars at once, if it is open - one large truck. The internal volume of the chamber is equipped with lamps, due to which uniform illumination of the entire system is ensured. Heated air is immediately cleaned by a filter system, and uniform and quick drying of the surface is achieved by using a system of blown heating of the interior.
The design of the chamber consists of ready-made sandwich panels filled with basalt fiber. Air heating is carried out by a heating ventilation unit from the supply, exhaust and heating units. The control system operates in several modes.
Nova Verta Cameras
The Nova Verta painting and drying chamber is a design that is distinguished by thoughtful technological solutions, reliable operation, automatic maintenance of production conditions, as well as the strength of the walls and effective thermal insulation. The camera can handle both cars and individual parts. The Italian-made Nova Verta Prestige model allows the car to be painted in whole or in part. These cameras are considered one of the best and most advanced in the world, featuring:
- High level of illumination in the paint zone: it can reach 3000 lux.
- A four-stage filtration system that purifies the air powerfully and keeps the camera clean.
- The cabin consists of panels 40 mm thick, which are additionally insulated and coated with a special anti-reflective composition.
Service Features
Do-it-yourself service of spray booths has a number of features that must be taken into account:
- Do not use the camera without a fuel filter.
- Do not operate the camera if the pressure inside it is negative.
- When using the camera, you need to be careful about carrying out planned work on its maintenance, cleaning, replacing consumables, and so on.
- Do not use the camera at temperatures that are higher than recommended.
- The camera should be used only if its expiration date has not expired. Filters must be replaced in a timely manner.
- When the camera is in operation, service doors of the supply and exhaust ventilation group cannot be opened.
- When using the camera, you cannot disassemble the control panel, since it can only be repaired at service centers.
- When working with the camera, you need to use special clothing, respirators, so that dust particles do not fall on the surface of the car.
If during the operation of the camera filter replacement is required, you need to remove the grilles under which they are located, remove the old filters, insert new models with the right side down. It should be remembered that with any replacement of the filters, it is required to control the air in the OSK housing using an internal pressure gauge.