The purpose of the analysis of the poem "Prophet" by A. S. Pushkin is to show the change in the poet’s youthful frivolous worldview in the light of his acquaintance with people who are deeply religious and thoroughly acquainted with the Scriptures - the freemasons P. Ya. Chaadaev and P. A. Vyazemsky.
Lyceum period
Brought up on the writings of the French Enlightenment, in a family where religion was treated with coolness, a young man, rather a teenager, at the age of 14 writes the first almost anti-religious poem “The Monk”. One way or another, he smiles at religion, not perceiving it as the highest achievement of the human spirit. He does not know how to separate three concepts - God as the Creator and Creator of all things, religion as a doctrine and a system of dogmas, a church that enslaves a person in the strict observance of purely external rites.
Acquaintance with P. Ya. Chaadaev
It happened in 1816. By this time, Pyotr Yakovlevich had already been in the Masonic lodge for two years, calling himself a "Christian philosopher."
The purpose of the Masons, to put it briefly and simplified, was to transform the world, its movement from inertia to progress. Pushkin considered his friend one of the smartest people of this time. Chaadaev devoted a lot of lines in the works of A. S. Pushkin. Coverage of the worldview of
Peter Chaadayev is included in the
plan of analysis of the poem (Grade 9). Examples: he compared the development paths of Russia and Europe, constantly wondering why Europe made a leap in movement and Russia “froze”.
Acquaintance with P. A. Vyazemsky
Pyotr Andreevich was also a freemason and, naturally, pursued the same goals as Pyotr Chaadaev. They introduced their friend to the Old Testament and influenced his attitude. The demonstration of spiritual evolution should be included in the plan of analysis of the poem (grade 9) in literature: knowledge of the Book of Isaiah by Pushkin by 1826 and comprehension of what the Prophet is.
Link to Mikhailovsky
In 1826, A.S. Pushkin was in exile in Mikhailovsky. He stopped by A.P. Osipova in Trigorskoye, which had an extensive Masonic library, and deepened the knowledge of Scripture: Masons were deeply religious and well-read people.
In 1826, he wrote the poem "The Prophet", which stands out sharply against the background of everything that will leave the poet’s pen this year: several messages to friends, farewell to love, which was once painful, a brief introspection on 9 lines . This, too, should be included as a separate item in the
plan of analysis of the poem (grade 9) in literature.
Stanzas
Each student must have a text in front of him. Each stanza should be disassembled without missing anything, explaining in the course of reading words incomprehensible to a modern school student, for example, “finger”, “mouth”, “apple” and others.
So the beginning
Drawing directly on chapter 6, verse 1 of Isaiah, the most eloquent biblical prophet, Pushkin writes how, why, and why a person can become a prophet, and how he differs from people scurrying about in everyday life.
What does the Lord see when he has lost hope that people will hear him? Sins and lawlessness, devastated by the war of the city and land, the hands of people, stained with blood. And such a people makes sacrifices to him. But the blood of bulls and lambs, incense incense and holidays are abhorrent to God. Who will be the messenger of God's bitter will?
There is a man who retires to the desert, because he has inescapable darkness in his soul, and only in solitude does he dimly hope that the Creator will enlighten him: he will light a lamp in his soul.
First of all, the future prophet is not satisfied with the spiritual emptiness that surrounds him, the pursuit of gold, the "blind, deaf" people, for whom it is already good if there is lunch and dinner. By and large, the crowd does not need anything else. And Isaiah wants to leave her, to purify herself. But where and how? Where there is no one to the desert. And with a soul full of bitterness and longing, barely barely, without strength, a man wanders, who has rejected the world, in complete solitude. Where he goes, he himself does not know, and does not take the road, and, finally, he falls down without strength. So begins the analysis of the poem. Grade 9 class plan so far can not be independently, but in general terms, the points are clear.
Phenomenon
At the fork in the road, the Lord sends a formidable sign to a man: his closest neighbor, all sparkling with fire and burned with love for God, an angel: a six-winged seraph. With two wings he covers his legs, with two wings his arms, he flies for two.
So continues the plan of analysis of the poem (grade 9) in literature.
What does the seraph do
In a ringing silence, silently, an angel easily and painlessly touches the pupils (the apple is the pupil) of a person, to the bottom, to the very depth, changing his vision of the world, so that his eyes will never be closed. They became like a bird, without eyelids.
But this is not enough, the angel touched his ears - and lo and behold! Everything, as for the first time in my life, and at once a man heard. These were unusual sounds, completely out of our everyday life, where birds rattle and dogs bark, where sellers and buyers bargain in the bazaars, where swearing and squabble are heard. He heard what was not given to us - the music and harmony of heaven, the splashing of fish in the oceans, the growth (vegetation is growth) of wheat in the field, the movement of juice in the vine. But he already hears and sees all that exists in his enormous possibilities, which people cannot measure and feel. This is the analysis of the poem (grade 9) in literature. Further tests continued. Instead of a sinful empty-handed language, Seraphim puts a sting of a snake in the mouth of a prophet. The ancients considered the snake wise and knowing the secret of immortality: changing skin, it is born again every time - this is not given to people. And the serpentine tongue of the prophet speaks wise, eloquent and truthful words.
The seraph continues to act even worse - he cuts the chest and takes out a quivering, shy heart, and instead of it puts coal blazing with fire. Incinerating fire will not allow a person to calm down, heal peacefully and comfortably.
What happened next
Seraphim left. There was a corpse in the desert. Only God raised a man from the dead, inviting him to the feat of fulfilling his will.
The task of the prophet is to see and hear everything that people cannot see in their bustle and everyday worries. The prophet must convey to them, dark, what is happening now, sound like an alarm, burn with flame. Through the mouth of the prophet, the Creator speaks. This is a poem analysis. Class 9 can already understand the plan — the poet’s explanation of the Lord’s plan.
What will happen to the prophet next
This is not explicitly stated in the poem, but you need to know what the direct sayings will be vilification: blows with stones and sticks - this is the least that the prophet will tolerate. The task has been set - to wake the crowd out of inertness and sins. And this is scary. The crowd can rebel and tear the prophet to pieces when he broadcasts "remove your evil deeds, your sins are heavy and red like blood, stop and forgive you, like white snow."
It is simpler than the crowd to stop the presumptuous judge who does not protect the orphans, and the affairs of the widows do not reach him; it is easier to send a king who has forgotten about his duty so that his city is a city of truth. Thus, the business of the Prophet should logically occur. This is the analysis of Pushkin's poem according to plan. Grade 9 should represent people's reactions to the truth. After communicating with the Creator, the prophet understands that he has only one path: without fear and doubt, to tell everyone the bitter truth in person. And even if she doesn’t like her, she’s not a beauty who is good for everyone, let the tsar and the people hate her. The prophet is ready to go to martyrdom: he is sure that both the ruler and the subjects will come to their senses, deny blood and sins, and remember the plans of God.
This is the plan for the analysis of the poem (grade 9) in literature. Pushkin does not give an ambiguous interpretation of the transformation of man into a prophet who can directly say to everyone: "The Spirit of the Lord is on me, that I will not be afraid of the king!" After all, the prophet is not a soothsayer, but one who sees and hears the present through and through and all at once, and broadcasts about it. The prophet is God's chosen one on earth.