Installation of fireplaces and chimneys. Chimney for chimneys

Almost every country house has fireplaces, stoves, chimneys, boilers for heating, speakers and other devices. Their main task is the absorption of air saturated with combustion products. But what nuances do you need to know in order for such devices to work fully? There is a definite answer to this question - a high-quality and properly mounted chimney. The importance of this criterion lies not only in the productive work of air purification, but also in the provision of high-grade heat with complete fire safety.

How to simplify the choice of the chimney?

What is a chimney for fireplaces? This is a collection of pipes in which one end is connected to a heating device, and the other is brought out onto the street. Its installation is a rather complex and time-consuming process that requires certain knowledge and professionalism. Chimneys can be made of brick, stainless steel, ceramics, polymeric materials. Each of these types has its advantages, disadvantages, as well as installation features. Of course, in order to make the right choice, it is better to seek the advice of professionals. However, in order to have some idea about the construction of chimneys, we give below a brief description of the most common types.

Brick fireplaces: chimney device

The most popular types of air ducts are stone chimneys. They are designed at the stage of building a house, combining all the ventilation shafts and risers into one single system. Most often, the installation of chimneys and fireplaces of this design is erected from solid red brick. It is he who possesses all the necessary properties and certain technical characteristics.

Mounting Features

Any heavy device installed in the house needs special reinforcement of the foundation, as well as fastening to the bearing walls. Therefore, the brick structure is a rather complicated option, in which it is necessary to correctly calculate the load, traction and other indicators. Assuming even the smallest mistake, the results can be disastrous. Therefore, it is recommended that you familiarize yourself with some rules that reveal the basic nuances of how to make a chimney for a fireplace, avoiding typical mistakes.

1. The use of reinforcing meshes with a cell width of 15x15 during the laying of the chimney will give the structure additional strength and reliability. It is recommended to use it at least after 3 rows.
2. The most high-quality and giving a strong hitch is considered a sand-limestone solution.
3. When installing the chimney in the wall, it is recommended to use anchors that are mounted in a checkerboard pattern with a step of 30 cm. They need to be deepened by at least 20 cm.
   

Cons of brick chimneys

1. The formation of condensation, which adversely affects brickwork. Its constant impact leads to significant damage.
2. Installing a fireplace and installing a brick chimney will require additional wall compaction.
3. The service life with good care will not exceed 10 years.
4. Carrying out insulation work most often with the help of mineral wool.
5. Internal irregularities lead to a decrease in profitability.
6. The need to install galvanized pipes inside stone chimneys.
   

Stainless steel chimneys

Stainless steel pipes are made in different sizes and diameters. Their design is stacked, assembled from certain elements. Such a material by itself does not retain heat, however, the thermal insulation is quite good. Sometimes there are combined models, the complex of which includes stainless steel and ceramic pipes. Most often, they are intended to be installed inside the main structure.

The advantages of metal chimneys

1. The chimney for fireplaces from stainless steel can be installed at various stages of construction of the house, as well as after its completion.
2. The lightness of the design allows not to carry out additional strengthening of the foundation and walls.
3. The service life is about 20 years.
4. Simple installation, the possibility of partial reconstruction.
5. With the right design approach, all pipes are expertly decorated.
   

Ceramic chimneys

The installation of fireplaces and chimneys using ceramic pipes is carried out by characteristic lightweight blocks made of concrete. Their height and dimensions are quite different, so choosing the most suitable parameters will not be difficult. Directly laying does not have a specific system, it can be laid out in a different form, however, when carrying out such work it is recommended to use vertical reinforcement, which will give the overall construction reliability and strength. Also, do not forget about laying thermal insulation, for this use non-combustible materials. Manufacturers can give the pipes individual shapes and sizes, this greatly facilitates the choice of the most suitable option.

Advantages and disadvantages of ceramics for the installation of chimneys

Advantages:

• service life more than 20 years;
• smooth surface inside the chimney provides good thermal conductivity;
• simple installation, you can independently assemble the structure;
• a large selection of block sizes, which makes it possible to mount a chimney for fireplaces of different diameters;
• ease of cleaning is ensured by the presence of a special hole;
• the condensate formed flows down a certain hole, which is a guarantee of long-term and flawless operation.

The disadvantages of these designs are completely insignificant, but still there are:

• High prices can become an insurmountable barrier.
• Very few domestic manufacturers are engaged in the manufacture of such products, therefore, they mainly order it abroad, which can take a considerable period of time.
  

Modern solution - polymer chimney

Installation of stoves, fireplaces and chimneys, the temperature of which does not exceed 250 ⁰ , can be done using a new building material - polymer. Such designs are quite flexible, lightweight, reliable and durable. For their installation, it is not necessary to carry out new ventilation ducts, it can be mounted in old mines.

Chimney Tips

In order to establish a quality chimney, you need to get acquainted with the advice of experienced craftsmen.

1. The choice of the optimal section. This criterion is affected by the type and size of the furnace. The most common ones: 250x250, 270x270, 140x140. It is very important to calculate the exact ratio of the size of the masonry, inlet and outlet, power and category of the fireplace.
2. Multiplicity of air exchange. An ideal option would be two or three-fold indicators, which are recommended by building codes.
3. Installation of fireplaces and chimneys requires the installation of additional ventilation systems. With their help, heat will disperse throughout the house.

Installation rules: general recommendations

Having decided to install a fireplace in a residential building, you need to understand the complexity of the entire system. It is better to entrust such work to professionals, since the process itself is quite laborious, will require accurate calculations and their correct application. If mistakes are made during the installation of the design of such a device, consisting of many elements, this can even lead to fatal consequences.

Consider the installation technology.

1. Choosing a place for a fireplace or other similar device. First you need to evaluate the construction of walls and foundations, to determine the load-bearing partitions.
2. Drawing up a drawing. It takes into account all the features of the layout of the house and the components of the unit.
3. Carrying out preparatory work before installation.
4. The first thing to do is lining the bottom of the device.
5. Firebox installation.
6. A chimney for the fireplace is mounted and work is underway to connect it to the ventilation shaft.
7. All joints should be sufficiently tight and additionally insulated.
8. Installation of the box.
9. Facing construction.
   

Finally, let's talk about fire safety

Since the chimney for fireplaces is connected directly with open fire, it is necessary to adhere to fire safety rules when erecting it. They also apply to the installation of chimneys.

• First of all, you need to make sure that the wooden roofing beams do not lie close to the chimney. Recommended distance of at least 25 cm.
• It is also worth paying special attention to the area in front of the furnace, it must be sheathed with special refractory material.
• Furniture and textiles are by no means placed close to the fireplace.
• All wooden elements are additionally wrapped with a drag and coated with clay mortar.