The idea, which involves the use of waste oil as an active energy carrier for heating, is not new. Due to the fact that there is a large amount of mining at car service stations , a problem arose in the need for disposal. This is especially true for stations that specialize in servicing trucks. It is not surprising that products of factory and handicraft production began to appear, which allow you to burn the substance mentioned, receiving thermal energy. As one of these devices, the burner is used for mining.
Design Features
It is quite possible to make the described device yourself. Ensuring efficient burning of old oils is not easy enough, due to the fact that mining from any service station is a mixture of oils of different viscosities with different amounts of impurities. In small doses, it contains antifreeze, diesel fuel and gasoline. All these points are taken into account in the design of the burners, which were manufactured in a factory. They have special filter elements. If we consider the Babington burner, then it does not imply the presence of filtering. This is due to the fact that the fuel in this design flows down on a spherical surface, forming a film. In the central part of this sphere there is a small hole whose diameter is 0.1-0.3 millimeters. This part is necessary for supplying air mass under pressure. Such a working burner works on the principle of air breaking through an opening, which cuts off part of the oil flowing down the surface. As a result, it is possible to obtain a torch, which consists of a fuel-air mixture, capable of ignition.
No filtering
The amount of dirt in the oil can only affect the efficiency of combustion, while the design works on working out, without clogging with suspended impurities. It is for this purpose that the burner at the end is not equipped with holes of small diameter. There is only one hole in this device - air passes through it. Instead of a rather complicated filtration system, the burner provides for the supply of oil to a spherical surface, and excess flows down, falling into the sump.
Ensuring high-quality oil burning
In order for the described burner to work as efficiently as possible while burning oil, it is necessary to preheat the fuel. This is required for two reasons, the first of which is the fact that the substance acquires the ability to well envelop the base of the sphere. As a result, the air supply contributes to a better distribution, forming a good aerosol spray. The need for heating is also to reduce the flash point. When using heated fuel, it is much easier to provide ignition for the device, and functioning occurs when the maximum use of energy is oil, which emits more heat.
Difference of a Babington torch from a blowtorch
Quite often, burners that operate on the principle of boost are compared with a blowtorch. Their devices have some similarities. Whereas the principle of action is different. In a blowtorch, fuel, namely gasoline, is in a closed container. It is exposed to high air pressure, which is achieved through the use of a hand pump. Air is not mixed with fuel; the latter is pushed up. On the way, the gas warms up, gradually evaporating in the pipe. After that, it is injected into the nozzle nozzle. After exiting it, gasoline mixes with air, burns and forms a fairly powerful torch. A homemade burner for mining operates on the opposite principle. Air is blown through the nozzle, not oil. Fuel does not evaporate, but is heated to a temperature of 70 degrees, but no more.
The liquid does not flare up completely, a certain amount goes into the sump. An improvised burner for working off cannot be made of a blowtorch, since it is very difficult to evaporate and supply oil through the nozzle to the combustion zone. It is worth considering before making such a design that filling the described unit with gasoline is inefficient and quite dangerous.
Manufacturing technology
Due to its simplicity and prevalence, a burner designed for a waste oil boiler is manufactured by specialists and home craftsmen in a wide variety of variations. At the first stage, you will need to pick up all the necessary materials and tools, among them you should highlight a metal tee, which is equipped with an internal thread of 50 millimeters. This element will be needed to make the case. It will also be useful for a flare, which has an external 50 mm thread. This component will form the basis of the nozzle. The length can be selected as desired, however this parameter should not be a figure less than 100 millimeters. If you are going to make an evaporative burner at working out, it is important to stock up with a knee made of metal DU-10. The workpiece must have an external thread in the amount of 2 pieces, which will be needed to connect the fuel line. Prepare a DU-10 copper pipe of the desired length, which will go to the fuel line. The length should not be less than one meter. A hemisphere or a steel ball that will freely enter the tee will be needed for the working part. A metal tube DU-10 will be needed to connect the air path.
Methodology
If you are going to carry out an evaporative burner at working out, then it will be necessary to carry out one fairly accurate manipulation, which consists in making a hole in the central part of the sphere. Its diameter should range from 0.1 to 0.4 millimeters. As an optimal option, a figure of 0.25 millimeters is suitable. You can do this work using one of two methods. The first involves drilling with a tool of the desired diameter. If you decide to use the second method, you will need to install a ready-made 0.25-mm nozzle.
Wizard tip
It is important to remember that the holes should be located strictly in the central part, while the axis should be directed parallel to the walls of the housing, or rather the tee. In the latter, the sphere will be mounted. Deviation can be the most minimal, otherwise the torch will be directed to the side, which will negatively affect the stable operation and excessive fuel consumption. Experienced craftsmen quite often encounter complexity, which is associated with the fact that it is very difficult to make a small hole. Thin drills will break.
Features of the hole
If you need a burner for testing, you can prepare the drawings yourself before production. In order to make a calibrated hole, it is necessary to put a nozzle of the required diameter into the spherical part of the autonomous structure. To do this, a hole is made, the diameter of which should be less than the outer diameter of the nozzle. After there is processing by means of development. At the final stage, the jet is pressed inside, and then carefully polished. If it is necessary to manufacture an impressive power burner, the diameter of the nozzle should be increased to a limit of 0.5 millimeters. As an alternative solution, you can drill two small holes, observing between them a step of 7 millimeters or more. As soon as this operation is completed, the burner at the test run for the boiler can be assembled.
Methodology
If you are thinking about how to make a burner for mining, then on the side of the nozzle you need to make a hole that should be wide enough to allow easy ignition of the device. The oil heating spiral should not be too large, about 3 turns will be enough. Finished products are fixed on the mounting plate, and then are built into any boiler, which can also be a homemade one. After completion of work, it is necessary to connect the fuel and air lines, and then air and oil are supplied.
If a burner is made at the end of the torch, then gravity acts as the simplest method of supplying fuel, for which the spent oil tank must be fixed to the wall, so that the element is located above the burner device. A tube is laid from the tank. When the burner is running at the end of the spray gun, then for pumping oil in this case, a pump is used. In this case, even monitoring sensors, as well as a control unit, can subsequently be involved. This technology allows you to get a burner that operates in automatic mode. Using such a device is as safe as possible.
Fuel consumption recommendations
If you decide to transfer the diesel burner to working out, then in the end you can achieve fuel consumption that will not exceed 1 liter per hour. In this case, the work must be done, observing the technology. The diameter of the air hole should be 0.25 millimeters. During the functioning of black soot should not be formed, in addition, it will be possible to achieve uniform burning of the torch. If necessary, settings will need to move the sphere back or forward. Correction can also be achieved by changing the air pressure. Any compressor can handle the issue of injection, you can even use the one that was borrowed from the refrigerator. This is because the working pressure does not exceed 4 bar.
Conclusion
The burner described in the article is an excellent solution for those who have the opportunity to purchase old car oil for nothing or at a very low price. If you have certain skills, you can integrate this device into the combustion chamber, which has a water jacket and a chimney. This will provide an efficient waste oil boiler.