The project for the construction of residential buildings, popularly referred to as the Khrushchevs, was put into operation in 1957. The construction was aimed at providing each family with housing and reducing the mass living in communal apartments.
Khrushchevβs vision of the housing issue: a person should live in a small, but his own home. Based on this, the living space was reduced to 6-9 m 2 in the bedroom and 6 m 2 in the kitchen. The height of the ceilings was no more than 2.5 m. The height of the five-story building in meters is approximately 15 meters.
What were the first apartments?
Initially, the houses were built of brick, and the height of the five-story building in meters was about 14 meters. A few years after the start of construction, the architects switched to the panel construction of five-story buildings, which significantly saved time and labor. Not without innovations in the layout of apartments - in the panels the bathroom was shared.
Features of construction and nuances
The features of panel Khrushchev include:
- the height of a five-story building in meters depends on the design series;
- lack of an attic, garbage chute, elevator;
- load-bearing structures in such a house are external.
Building a house from panels is more like a game in the designer: large panels and blocks are stacked on top of each other and mounted. This design method allows you to increase productivity on the construction site to the maximum. Consequently, the site for the organization of construction requires less, and lengthy and labor-intensive processes are completely excluded. These are the main advantages of panel construction.
And only after decades, people realized that Khrushchev was far from ideal housing: an ill-conceived heat-insulating system, low noise absorption, and little usable space.
Serial construction of panels
Already from the beginning of the 60s, prefabricated houses began to be built in series, forming entire residential areas with their own internal infrastructure. In total, the construction of the project included about 23 series of brick and panel houses of different layouts. The height of the five-story building in meters was different. It depended on the features of the building.
The basement level with an approximate height of half a meter to ground level, 5 floors with a height of 2.55 meters plus half a meter in the attic, total height of a five-story Khrushchev house was about 14 meters when it comes to a panel house, and 15 meters for a house with a full roof and the attic.