Folk Russian clothing, like the costumes of any other ethnic group, is a kind of visiting card. A national outfit, like a passport, can tell about the social and territorial affiliation of a person. A women's suit will tell you the age of its owner.
The most important part of the costume
Of course, Russian folk clothes have their own characteristic and distinctive features, their own zest, but there is also something inherent in most of the costumes of the peoples living in Russia.
The most striking example is a shirt, both male and female, especially since in most cases they differ only in length - in men it reaches the knee, in women, as a rule, to the floor. There is an assumption that because the bottom of the shirt is called the "hem". The length of the female shirt is adjustable with a belt. In many
regions of Russia, it was corrected by the "bosom", a kind of overlap on the belt.
Clothing in the style of Russian folk tradition, like that of other ethnic groups, provided for magical protection. Particular importance was attached to the undershirt - it not only warmed, but also protected a person from
evil spirits. All the openings of the shirt (collar, hem, sleeves) were sheathed either with a border, or with galloons, or with embroidery - these were amulets, they also decorated clothes, made them unique and eloquent.
Embroidery and braid are integral parts of the outfit
Much has been said that the national ornament is letters from the past, unencrypted completely, but telling a lot about the culture of the people. The cut of both male and female shirts was straight, tunic-like style (without shoulder seams), sometimes even without armhole. Folk Russian clothes had a characteristic feature - the cut of the gate. He was given great importance in the preservation of the soul. Maybe that's why he is shifted to the shoulder (not without reason the Russian shirt is called a kosovorotka), and the chest was richly decorated with embroidery, which serves as a talisman? It should be noted that the costume began to take shape in the XII century.
Characteristics of a man's suit
The men's outfit is simple, comfortable and unpretentious. But thanks to him, concepts such as background and zashashnik have survived to our days. The first is the inner hem of the shirt, located on the back and chest. She lay directly on the body, and “knew” all his secrets. Zagashnik is a secret inner pocket on the belt supporting the shirt, which has always been worn out. Pants, ports, or gachas were straight cut and not wide - the contours of the legs were visible. They always dressed in shoes (boots or onuchi), for the convenience of walking, a diamond-shaped gusset was inserted into them. The color of the shirt was predominantly white, for the holiday - bright, blue or red. It is difficult to imagine a man's outfit without a cap, and a cap without a flower. But this type of male headdress appeared in the 19th century. Earlier, from time immemorial, men wore tuffs - a small hat that was not removed even in the church. Hats were put on from above, at the common people from felt.
A miracle of miracles!
Folk Russian clothing is famous for the originality and beauty of the women's outfit. In addition to the shirt, a bright detail of it are a sundress and a robe. A sundress is such a characteristic element of women's clothing that it can rightfully continue the famous series of Russian symbols - birch, balalaika, bear, caviar and ballet. Countless verses, proverbs, sayings are devoted to the sundress. Here are the Yesenin lines that immediately come to mind - “a red sundress in white is a sundress on the hem!” Poneva (“From the belt to the feet of 77 roads”) - a skirt or
loincloth was more popular in the south of the country. But even in the north it could be worn by girls who went through a ceremony of initiation, indicating that she had matured.
Variety of female toilet accessories
The next element of clothing is an apron or apron, simple on weekdays, “marvelous and wonderful” on holidays. Glorifying Vasnetsov and Surikov’s body jackets, a short but long-sleeved jacket with fur or lining, with folded folds on a detachable, high waist. Zapona (one-piece girl’s cape, with a neckline for the head in the center), dragging (sleeveless cape), zupan (canvas sheathed caftan) - these are the most characteristic details of the Russian women's national costume. A special place was given to the headdress - the most eloquent detail of the costume. A kichka and a magpie, a kokoshnik and a warrior are far from an incomplete list of hats that can tell everything about the mistress. It should be noted that each province had its own details of the outfit, for example, a top finisher or bastard, could not be counted all, but without which the costume of the people of this territory was unthinkable. And Russian shoes, especially boots and bast shoes, deserve a separate article.
Passed through the ages
Russian folk clothes (photo attached) - bright, colorful, joyful, very characteristic, is an essential element of culture and creativity. It is recognizable at first sight, because from childhood it has been familiar from dozens of paintings by famous domestic artists, from the works of Pushkin and Yesenin, from Russian folk tales.
Who doesn’t know the sundress and kokoshnik? Modern Russian folk clothes are those outfits, the integral elements of which are national motifs, and the general style in which they are sustained. These elements of modern clothing come from the distant past and become popular. One can recall painted scarves, boots and sheepskin coats, which became fashionable in the West after the opening days of Russian model houses. And how popular linen dresses in the Russian rustic style! Comfortable and beautiful, they have been loved for many years in a row.