Modern life is filled with various sounds. This is the noise of cars driving along the street, and the operation of household appliances, and all kinds of activities of neighbors, whether their conversations or regular repairs. All these manifestations are collectively called household noise, which propagates in the audio range from 16 Hz to 20,000 Hz.
Noise pollution is divided into two groups:
1. Structural noise.
2. Airborne noise.
Their main difference lies in the environment for the propagation of vibrations. In the first case, these are solids, and in the second, air.
Since such acoustic influences can be not only unpleasant for perception, but also dangerous for human health, care must be taken to ensure that sufficient sound insulation of the room is provided in living rooms and other places where a person is.
One of the most common means of protection against noise pollution is air. Its features and advantages include ubiquitous placement and high penetration.
Thus, various structural elements and building materials, which contain closed areas filled with air, conventionally represent a
noise barrier that has sufficiently good protective characteristics. The presence of closed air gaps in the cavity of doors and windows will reliably protect your home from the negative effects of noise pollution of street life.
In turn, sound-absorbing material provides the opportunity to isolate rooms with a high level of noise from adjacent territories. Such objects include cinemas, shopping and shopping centers, various sports buildings and structures, as well as office premises. With the correct location and proper installation of protective structures, a significant reduction in the power of reflected vibrations and waves can be achieved, which will reduce the impact or completely remove excessive noise.
Sound-absorbing material must have the required characteristics and meet stringent requirements. All this is determined by quality indicators, for example, the value of sound absorption, the range of which ranges from 0 to 1.
As construction practice shows, materials capable of passing air with open long pores have the best sound absorption coefficient. These include glass and mineral wool, various felt fillers, etc.
In addition, each sound-absorbing material must meet high environmental and fire safety requirements. This is due to the fact that often such substances will be used for interior decoration. Therefore, they should fully possess such qualities as ease of use, durability, moisture resistance and aesthetics.
Thus, sound-absorbing material must be fully used even at the initial levels of construction, isolating areas of high noise levels, as well as providing sound insulation of rooms from external influences.