It just so happened that the gardener in temperate latitudes has long been considered a fruiting apple tree with special pride and love. Late ripening varieties are particularly respected, distinguished by excellent keeping quality of fruits and preserving all the beneficial properties throughout the long winter months.
Such fruit trees include the Northern Sinap apple tree variety, which has been successfully cultivated in almost all Russian regions for nearly a hundred years. This publication will tell about him.
Apple tree Northern Sinap: variety description
Late ripening culture and the product of Russian selection is a vigorous fruit tree with a wide pyramidal crown. Absolutely matching the name, this apple tree is grown in difficult climatic zones, famous for difficult conditions, in particular regions such as the Volga region, Central Black Soil region, Eastern Siberia, although at first apples of this variety were grown in traditionally southern regions.
Large main branches with a large number of fruit-bearing shoots - lateral, thin, articulated and strong, covered with gray-brown bark - are considered a characteristic feature for this variety. Dark green leaves of medium size have a traditional grayish tint and are noticeably pubescent. The flowers are very large, with delicate pink petals.
Harvest occurs in late autumn, the fruits finally ripen by winter. The variety is partly self-fertile, its productivity is increased in mixed plantings.
An amazing feature of this fruit crop is the excellent keeping quality of apples. They retain all the taste and do not lose their external attractiveness for 7-8 months from the date of storage in a cool basement or refrigerator.
Fruit
The taste and appearance of the North Sinap apples is remarkable. Apple tree (reviews of gardeners confirm this) gives fruits of medium size, reaching 120-130 g, round, slightly conical or cup-shaped. The peel is even, smooth, with long storage it is covered with natural wax, which protects the fetus from moisture loss. Pouring apples are painted in greenish or yellowish tones, at the time of final ripening, they are covered with a muffled red blush, the first appearing on the sides exposed to the sun's rays. Numerous bright subcutaneous points on the fruit are clearly visible.
Fine-grained juicy pulp of medium density of snow-white shades sometimes acquires slightly greenish tones. It is impossible not to note the excellent taste of apples of this variety: refreshing, bright, sour-sweet with subtle spicy notes and a traditional apple aroma.
It is noted that the fruits are especially beautiful when the summer is warm and the fall with very significant temperature drops, high daytime and almost zero nighttime. Therefore, an experienced gardener never hurries with the harvest, knowing that the unripe apples removed from the tree will not only not please the taste, but will not be stored, will quickly fade. The northern synap is an apple tree whose fruits are universal: they are equally successfully eaten fresh and processed into all kinds of desserts, drinks and canned goods. Winter apples add a special aroma to homemade wine, and sauerkraut with them is a wonderful firming vitamin salad.
Characteristic varieties of apple trees Northern Sinap: advantages
Bred for a long time, culture does not lose its relevance today, having a number of unconditional advantages. In addition to the already mentioned ability to be stored for quite a long time, this northern apple tree has such qualities as:
• Infertility . The planted young plant develops so intensively that the first apples can begin to set in 5-6 years. In apple trees grafted onto dwarf rootstock, an improvement in the taste of fruits and their formation was noted already for 2-3 years after planting;
• High level of winter hardiness.
• Average resistance to scab and other traditional diseases.
• Average drought tolerance.
• High yield. From a 15-year-old tree, crops of up to 170 kg are harvested. Apple trees that have crossed the 20-year milestone reduce productivity. The variety is not susceptible to fruit fall.
• Excellent taste of fragrant graceful apples.
Not only gardeners value this variety. The northern synap is an apple tree that provides breeders with unique opportunities to use it as a basis for the emergence of new varieties of apple trees. The Northern Sinap is the founder of the Sinap of Oryol, Moscow Winter, Moscow Late and other varieties.
Variety disadvantages
Cons of this fruit tree are few in number and very conditional. Among them are:
• Decrease in commodity quality in those cases when yields are as high as possible.
• The unevenness of the fruit.
• Late ripening of apples.
If changing the fruiting time of a variety is beyond the power of man, then two other listed factors can be prevented. The fact is that the Northern synap is an apple tree that needs careful care - a mandatory pruning that provides regular controlled fruit formation, as well as the ability to keep the crown of the tree in good condition, allowing the fruit to receive enough solar heat. Thus, it will be possible to avoid chopping fruits and loss of commercial qualities. The basis of good and, importantly, quick harvests is proper planting and reasonable care of a young plant. Let's talk about the necessary agricultural practices that stimulate good tree growth.
Seat preparation
Harvest depends on many conditions. Despite the fact that the Northern synap is an apple tree that is considered undemanding, it reacts vividly to all adverse moments. Therefore, it is important to consider all its preferences: maximum protection against penetrating through winds and the absence of a close proximity of groundwater. Light and medium loamy soils with a neutral reaction are the most suitable soils for a crop such as the Northern Synap. Apple tree, (reviews of gardeners confirm) does not tolerate heavy moist soils, significantly slows down growth and refuses to tie fruit.
Trees are planted with an interval of 4-5 m. The size of the planting pits depends on the size of the seedling, but usually they are not less than the parameters 0.6 * 0.7. In the center of the pit, a strong support for the young plant is driven in and filled with an earthen mixture from the upper fertile layer, humus and 50 g each. superphosphate and potassium sulfate.
Landing
Before planting, the seedling is carefully examined, removing rotted root fragments. The plant is located in a pit from the north of the driven stake. The roots are straightened and, adding soil, gradually fill the hole. The root neck of the seedling should be 4-5 cm from the ground, in no case should it be bombarded. The soil in the near-stem circle is compacted, a small roller is arranged around the tree to hold water during irrigation. After planting, the tree is well watered, the trunk circle is mulched with humus, wood chips or plant debris. The seedling is freely tied to the stake with soft twine.
Care
The fruiting of each culture depends on proper care. The Northern synap is no exception. The apple tree, the description of which is proposed, should be provided with the necessary fertilizing, water, etc. The soil of the trunk circles is periodically loosened and weeded. In years, especially generous with the harvest, they take care of protecting trees from breaking branches under the weight of apples pouring. For these purposes, use strong slings.
Top dressing and watering
Fertilizers introduced during planting are enough for a young tree for 2-3 years, then the plant needs top dressing, the amount is calculated depending on the structure of the soil and its degree of fertility. The northern synapa needs regular watering, of course, with a focus on weather conditions.
Shaping and trimming
The crown of the apple tree must be formed. This mandatory operation is carried out annually and pursues the following objectives:
• eliminate crown thickening, leading to lower yields and chopped fruits;
• prevent branch breaks;
• rejuvenate the tree, increasing the yield of fruits.
Most often, apple trees are given the classic sparse-tier form, traditional for hearth crops. The Northern synap is also formed. The apple tree, the description of which is given in the publication, is formed by tiers consisting of several skeletal branches located 0.3-0.5 m apart. These works begin from the first spring after planting.
The excellent taste of the fruit, yield and early maturity are characteristic of such a crop as the Northern Sinap apple tree. You can buy seedlings today from many manufacturers.