When the old water supply system in the apartment rots, fistulas and sweat appear on the pipes, then there is a need to install a new one. You can do this yourself without obtaining permits and without paperwork. You need to shut off the water supply in the risers, and then do the work, after which you can use the new system for decades.
Pipeline replacement procedure
If you started pipe installation, then you must be guided by a certain technology, which at the first stage provides for the choice of material, as well as the layout of the wiring of cold and hot water. The next step will be the development of a water supply scheme, as well as the calculation of pipe diameter by material. The master prepares the installation tool, acquires the material, and also dismantles the old pipeline and plumbing fixtures.
For reference
After the new pipes are installed, you can mount and connect the plumbing. At the final stage, a boiler is installed and connected, if such is provided for by the circuit.
The choice of material for pipes
Installation of pipes can be carried out after the acquisition of products. However, at the first stage, it is necessary to select the material. Copper can act as it, but some experts do not advise using it, since, in contact with water, this material is able to form copper oxide.
The most often recently used metal-plastic, such pipes are quite expensive, but you can connect them yourself without professional experience. Metal-plastic water supply is connected on threaded nodes with fittings or gaskets. Such products can be bent, and the hydrodynamic resistance and pressure loss in this case will be very small. In order to insert such a pipe into the fitting, press tongs, a pipe cutter and a set of reamers are needed. Among other things, the life of the gaskets in the fittings is limited. It is required to know if you are going to hide pipes.
Traditional solution
Installation of pipes can be carried out on the basis of plastic products, which are now generally accepted. You can use polybutylene with good bending ability, polyethylene, which is cheap but not able to withstand temperatures above 60 ° C, as well as polyvinyl chloride, which is well known for its chemical resistance, low cost and heat resistance up to 80 ° C.
Pipeline Installation: Wiring Diagram
Installation of pipes can be carried out according to one of two schemes of water intake, it can be parallel and sequential. In the latter case, the parsing points should be connected to the common pipe via tees. This scheme is considered the most economical, but with an impressive number of parsing points or low pressure, it is unsuitable, since it greatly reduces pressure. In this case, you can use a parallel circuit in which the valves regulate the pressure on the points.
Features of the installation of the pipeline system
If you decide to carry out the installation of pipes with your own hands, then at the first stage you need to install arcs, which are plastic strips for mixers. They should be fixed to the main wall with dowels. When fixing, it is necessary to take into account the thickness of the finish, for example, tile or plaster.
The next step will be the assembly of sections of the pipeline. The most affordable technology is the assembly on the table and the subsequent installation of pipes. However, in this case, the question may arise about how to pass pipes through the walls. If you use metal-plastic, then there will not be any special problems, since it is assembled using detachable fittings, while for soldered pipes one of the following methods can be used.
It is recommended to use adapters and metal-plastic inserts. For an apartment, this method will be quite reliable, and in the corners above the pipes, it is necessary to make removable hatches for repairing threaded joints and revisions. However, it is possible to install the piping system locally, for this a compact soldering iron is used. It costs more, and you need to work with it in cotton gloves so as not to get a burn.
After you can cut the pipes, you can’t cut them, which is especially true for metal plastic. You need to cut with a pipe cutter, for metal-plastic and plastic, such a tool has different characteristics. The next step will be soldering, one of them takes 15 mm of pipe. There can be one meter between two fittings, for this 1030 mm should be cut. If between them 0.6 m, then it is necessary to cut off a workpiece of 630 mm. When installing water pipes, then at the next stage they must be bent, the minimum allowable radius is 5 outer diameters. You should not use sand for this, which supposedly helps to bend products at any angle. In this case, the inner coating deteriorates, the residual voltage exceeds the permissible values.
After the water supply system has been commissioned, a boiler should be installed, if any, in your apartment. Pipes for it must be made in advance, but the valves open immediately after the installation of the pipe, in addition, the pipes are muffled.
Steel pipe laying
Installation of steel pipes that have a galvanized coating cannot be carried out by welding, but threaded connections are used quite often. This is due to the fact that with significant thermal loads, the steel will burn out. Using special welding modes and filler materials will solve the problem only partially.
When installing steel pipes for water supply and heating, the elements are connected by gas welding. This method allows you to achieve a better connection of elements. A technological hole is cut in the pipe for this, and part of the seam is superimposed from the inner surface. At the first stage, it is necessary to mark and cut the material in those places where it is necessary to complete the docking. When grinding the edge, it is recommended to use an emery wheel. Then the edges are prepared, this stage is to give them such a geometric shape that would contribute to an ideal joint.
If the thickness of the pipe is more than 3 mm, then for arc welding, the bevel of the angle should be more than 45 ° C. In gas welding, the edges should be melted with a flame in the place where the joint should be. In order to eliminate gaps, molten metal should be applied between the ends of the pipes, filling them with space. After the filler half is attached.
Laying sewer pipes
Installation of sewage pipes provides for compliance with a certain slope, which is necessary for the natural drainage of sewage. If this parameter varies from 0.02 to 0.03 °, then the optimal speed of sewage will be approximately equal to 1 m / s. In other words, for each running meter in a horizontally located pipe, it is necessary to organize a slope towards the drain of 3 cm.
Installation of sewer pipes, the diameter of which does not exceed 5 cm, must be laid with a slope of 30 mm per meter. If pipes with a more impressive working diameter are used, the slope can be reduced to 20 mm per linear meter.