Tongue-and-groove blocks, partitions from which are becoming more and more popular when solving the issue of zoning the premises, appeared in construction relatively recently. The material significantly reduced the complexity and cost of masonry. Next, we analyze in more detail what advantages such partitions have.
Tongue-and-groove plates: the main advantages
As mentioned above, through the use of material, construction becomes more economical. One gypsum tongue-and-groove plate, the length of which is 66.7 cm and the height is 50 cm, can completely replace 14 silicate one and a half bricks. It can be used instead of 20 pcs. single red size 250 x 120 x 65 mm. For a silicate block, these parameters are somewhat lower, however, they are also quite acceptable for cheaper and shorter work time.
Scope and design features
Where are these partitions used? Tongue-and-groove plates are used for zoning residential and office premises with a ceiling height of not more than 4.2 m. The material has some design features that simplify masonry. In particular, tongue-and-groove partitions are constructed using a special connection. It is used in other materials. Elements are joined to each other by means of a special lock - a groove-crest. Hence, in fact, the name of the structures. The tongue-and-groove partitions (thickness - 100 mm) are quite stable. This is achieved by using the compound described above. In addition, the lock increases the evenness of the structure, since the plate clearly sits in the longitudinal seam. At the same time, it reliably connects to the neighboring element.
Gypsum tongue-and-groove partitions
Elements for these designs are made by injection technology. For production, gypsum grades G-5 or G-4 are used. This material is environmentally friendly, considered "breathable." The tongue-and-groove partitions made of it comply with all existing requirements and standards, including sanitary and hygienic ones, which regulate the quality of building and finishing materials. To increase the strength and performance in the raw materials during manufacture, special plasticizing components are added.
Classification
Modern tongue-and-groove partitions can be ordinary and moisture resistant. Reducing moisture absorption is achieved by adding Portland cement and granulated blast furnace slag to the feedstock . To distinguish moisture resistant elements, they are covered in green. Conventional gypsum boards are used only in structures with normal and dry conditions. Hydrophobized (moisture resistant) can be used with high humidity. Solid and hollow blocks are available. The latter can significantly reduce the weight of the structure. The standard size of hollow slabs is 667 x 500 x 80. Their weight is almost a quarter less than that of corpulent ones (22-24 kg compared to 30-32). There is also a classification according to the shape of the groove and ridge - trapezoidal and rectangular type. This parameter does not have a particular effect on the strength and quality of structures.
Performance characteristics
Designs have a good noise absorption coefficient. It is 34-40 dB. The tongue-and-groove partitions, whose thickness is 80 mm, in terms of their level of thermal insulation correspond to concrete walls of 400 mm. Designs have a high level of fire resistance. They are able to delay the spread of fire at a temperature of 1100 degrees for three hours, without losing their bearing capacity.
Silicate tongue-and-groove partitions
The manufacturing technology of structural elements involves the use of quartz sand, lump quicklime and water. This mixture is pressed and then sent to the autoclave chamber. In it, under the influence of high temperatures and pressure, a fairly strong calcareous sand conglomerate is formed. Silicate blocks have greater mechanical strength and lower moisture absorption compared to those described above. In this regard, they can be used without restrictions for the construction of load-bearing and interior structures in rooms with different, including wet, conditions.
Performance characteristics
The mass of the silicate block is 15.6 kg, the density is 1870 kg / m 3 . The material is quite resistant to fire. Silicate blocks do not emit harmful compounds into the air, do not conduct electricity. Used compound elements has a high level of sound absorption. Due to the high breathing ability (gas permeability) in the room where the tongue-and-groove partition from the silicate block is built, a comfortable microclimate is created. Even with significant changes in the humidity regime, the material does not rot and deform.
Manufacturers and cost
Tongue-and-groove partitions, the price of which is very reasonable (from 160 to 250 rubles apiece), have been very popular lately. To erect an even structure, it is necessary to use high-quality elements. The accuracy of the geometry is one of the requirements that the tongue-and-groove partitions must meet . Knauf and Volma are two well-known manufacturers that supply high-quality products to the market. Finishing materials of these companies are in high demand among the population. Structures built using these elements do not need to be plastered further. It is enough to cover them with a primer and apply the finish.
Important points
The construction of partitions from tongue-and-groove plates is carried out after the erection of the enclosing and load-bearing structures in the building / room, before the installation of the final floor and the completion of finishing work. In the process of redevelopment and reconstruction, interior elements can be either single or double. The second option is used if it is necessary to hide engineering communications, to lay insulation when one side of the partition is adjacent to a cold room.
Mounting Features
Direct assembly at the site involves joining at the seams. In the course of work, it is necessary to control the horizontal and vertical rows. In the assembly process, the plates are installed both grooves up and down. According to the regulations, the first option is recommended. When docked upward, the adhesive mounting mixture will spread evenly across the joint. Fugenfueller putty or ordinary adhesive for aerated concrete is used as a fixing composition.
Progress
With the help of cement-sand mortar, the leveling of the base under the partition is carried out. After that, the first row is installed. On each plate, the surfaces of the ridge and groove are coated with adhesive so that the joints at the joints are no more than 1-2 mm. Installation is carried out with dressing connections. To form an elastic abutment to the supporting and enclosing structures, tongue -and- groove partitions are fixed with special brackets. These elements are installed in the grooves and fixed with a self-tapping screw to the ceiling or anchor dowels to the fencing. In accordance with the regulations, it is recommended to use gaskets from bituminized felt or from cork. They are installed around the entire perimeter of the outer joint.