The foundation is not only a reliable support for any construction object, it also acts as a transitional element, which is located directly between the flat box of the structure and uneven ground. It is the upper fundamental plane that is the base for marking the walls of a building or structure. The marking of the foundation is carried out from above, and only after its upper position is determined, builders count the dimensions to the very bottom of the base. In this way, the depth of the pit and the height of the base are indicated.
Foundation shape and height
The foundations are far from always in the shape of a rectangle.
For example, the foundation for a greenhouse can be made in the form of a square. But many modern country cottages and houses are in the form of the letters "t" or "g". Not to mention the ledges of buildings, which can be found literally at every step. Therefore, marking the foundation can be quite a complicated process.
In addition, if you plan to equip a full basement under the house, and under the garage - a small underground room, the individual parts of the foundation should be of different heights.
But even in the most difficult cases, the layout of the foundation must begin with the contouring of an even rectangle, and only then additional geometric shapes are subtracted from it or, conversely, added.
The right foundation for the house of foam blocks
Nowadays, low-rise construction is very popular. Developed construction industry offers a wide selection of wall blocks for the construction of various objects. These products have a relatively small weight, so they significantly reduce the load on the foundation. Today they use blocks that are made from different components and materials. But the most popular are wall foam blocks.
Foam blocks can significantly reduce the monetary costs of creating a foundation compared to if the building was erected from such traditional materials as brick or reinforced concrete.
A quality foundation for a house from foam blocks can be done in several ways:
1. For example, if construction is carried out in a territory that is characterized by weak soil, or if the object being constructed has a basement, then there must be a reinforced concrete base under the foundation. The base for the foundation is made of crushed stone cushion (it should be about 5 to 10 centimeters thick), after which the formwork is mounted, reinforcement is installed and this fundamental structure is poured with building concrete (the thickness of the concrete layer should be at least 9-10 centimeters).
2. For solid soil and buildings that do not have basement floors, an ordinary strip foundation made of monolithic reinforced concrete is quite suitable . It is worth mentioning right away that this option is much cheaper at the cost of work.
The reliability and durability of the future home directly depends on the materials used and the professionalism of the involved team, but competent marking of the foundation is the basis from which any construction begins.