A debarkader is a device for the convenience of loading and unloading. With its help, the differences in the working planes of the vehicle and the place of acceptance or departure of passengers and goods are aligned. Such objects are most common in water transport as floating marinas. Nowadays, they are increasingly being used as platforms for placing various equipment, as well as household or household buildings.
Definition
A debarkader is an infrastructure facility used in the field of water transport and in the storage industry. It is mainly used to facilitate the reception and movement of goods and passengers. Purpose - leveling the floor of the vehicle and the receiving platform.
In the old days, passenger platforms at bus and railway stations were called landing stages (granaries). At present, the term “landing stage” is most often understood as a river or sea facility for receiving and mooring ships, loading cargo on them or unloading them. It can be floating or motionless.
In cities, a landing stage is a floating structure with buildings. The owner of such an object may be a natural or legal person. The superstructure of the landing stages has a different look: from a simple platform to a modern office center or even styling as an old frigate or galleon.
Kinds
Distinguish between stationary and mobile objects. A mobile landing stage is used on water. It has constant buoyancy and can be towed to any suitable parking place. For fastening mooring devices are used: anchors, ropes, bollards, etc.
The stationary structure is mounted on piles. The height of the landing stage is selected based on the water level, the presence of tides and the height of the vessels that are planned to serve. The stationary object is reliable, it is easier to use, it does not require frequent verification of compliance with the requirements applicable to mobile structures. In addition, it is much easier to equip it with communications, such as access roads, water supply, electricity, etc.
Concrete debarkader is most often used for construction and construction of temporary or permanent structures on a floating base. It is reliable, durable, but at the price of design and manufacturing is the most expensive.
Design
The landing stage device with the possibility of towing it implies the presence of a pontoon at the base. Above it is equipped with a superstructure. It can have one or two tiers. Its characteristics may vary. It depends on the specialization of the object. In addition, for connection with land it is equipped with gangways and a ramp.
If the landing stage is planned to be used only as a berth, then a deck of boards or composite material is equipped on top. In case of conversion to a specialized facility (gas station, processing shop or factory, repair dock, entertainment facility), materials that are most suitable for this are used.
Often, steel is used to build landing stages. It has a sufficient margin of safety, corrosion resistance, tolerates temperature extremes. The structures on top are treated with a special coating to increase the service life.
A concrete landing stage is a massive slab, most often in the form of a parallelepiped. The construction of such facilities is carried out by specialized enterprises and firms that have the appropriate permission. Pontoon is made of special shipbuilding reinforced concrete. From time to time its strength only increases. The concrete slab does not sink due to the buoyancy force of water acting on the object immersed in it. Weight, dimensions, volume of the structure are calculated during the design.
Use for construction
In addition to the use in transport infrastructure, a landing stage is also a potential investment target. In particular, it can be used as a building site. In large cities where there is a river or lake, you can often see buildings on the water. These are cafes, restaurants, entertainment venues, office centers, hotels.
They can be stationary or suitable for trolling in water using a tugboat. The owner of a mobile landing stage can sail off the coast at any time and move to any other place. In addition, the development of such an object can be justified in terms of its price. The cost of land in cities is very high.
In addition to the price, there are situations when there is also no physical possibility of building in the right place: developed infrastructure, unsuitable soil, etc. A debarkader in such cases may be the only right decision. However, despite the fact that the floating object is not actually considered real estate, it is subject to registration in a special order. For such facilities, regulations and requirements apply to floating equipment.