Speaking about the construction of buildings, roads and the repair of facilities, we mean the implementation of a whole range of measures and actions that lead to the desired result, namely, a new building or a repaired road. Construction and installation works (hereinafter referred to as construction and installation works) are just that main part of the construction industry, without which neither the overhaul of the premises nor the construction of new buildings is possible.
Decoding SMR
A rather broad definition of "construction and installation work" is understood to mean a variety of works that differ from each other in their direction of action and means of execution. If you give a general definition of the concept, the interpretation of construction and installation work will look like this - this is a set of actions for the construction of new facilities (buildings, structures), their repair and reconstruction, as well as the installation and installation of equipment. All types of construction and installation works simply cannot be dealt with by one company, since the scale of the tasks set for it will be simply enormous. Therefore, there are organizations in the construction market whose activities are more specialized. For example, there are companies engaged only in the construction and repair of roads, or companies building industrial facilities.
Types of construction and installation works
There are several main types of such work:
- general construction;
- transport and handling (delivery of materials, devices and equipment);
- special (with a special kind of materials).
The most diverse is the general construction activity. It consists of:
- earthworks (digging holes, trenches, pits), piling (driving, installation of pile foundations) and stone work (walling, masonry, etc.);
- roofing (attic, roof), plastering (painting, pasting) and insulating;
- devices of floors, utilities and communications;
- installation of wood, concrete and reinforced concrete, lightweight walling;
- arrangement of the territory;
- installation of technological equipment;
- commissioning , etc.
In order to finally understand what the decoding of construction and installation works is, you need to understand what all types of the above work include.
Features of construction works
Each area of activity has a number of features and nuances. For construction and installation work, the most important criterion is quality, which completely depends on the professionalism of the employees, the competent organization of the process and the interaction of the system links with each other. At the beginning of the work, the goals and objectives, planning and control are of great importance, and the final result is the competent and high-quality construction and installation work. After all, the safety of people depends on this.
The correct preparation and organization of the process have a great influence on obtaining the desired result. Making mistakes or miscalculations can cost a company contractor in the literal and figurative senses of the word. Correction of defects in construction can cost a human life. Plus everything else, it is always quite an expensive event. It should also be understood that in the calculation of construction and installation works it is not allowed to use unverified or low-quality materials, as well as unjustified savings on mandatory cost items. In order to take into account all the features of construction, it is necessary to carry out all work in stages.
Order of conduct
The interpretation of construction and installation work will include competent and consistent implementation of all stages of construction activity.
For example, before the construction of new facilities, it is first necessary to carry out geological studies of the soil of the site. It is possible that before starting construction it will be necessary to drain the swamp or carry out drainage work in order to avoid flooding.
After leveling the site, you can begin to draw the outline of the foundation. This is usually done with wire, wooden pegs and rope. Next, you need to dig a trench to lay the foundation of the future building. After you can proceed to the construction of walls. If you plan a wooden building, then you should clearly adhere to the drawn up project. For walls made of stone, there are rules — for example, laying out the stone strictly horizontally, dressing the joints and pouring mortar.
After that, attic floors are laid out, windows, attics and rafters are mounted, it all depends on the number of floors of the building and the complexity of the construction. Then the roof fronts are closed and the roofing material is laid. The next step is the implementation of finishing work (external and internal), then the installation of equipment (plumbing, heating systems, etc.)
The volume of construction and installation work largely depends on the tasks set. For example, one company can directly engage in the construction of an object, and the finishing work is entrusted to another organization or done independently.
Organization of production of construction and installation works
In the process of construction of buildings and structures, various actors are surely involved: designers, surveyors, equipment suppliers and customers. In order for the construction and installation work to be planned, special attention should be paid to the organization of work.
It is better to clarify all questions regarding construction technology with representatives of construction organizations and specialized trusts who are preparing projects.
Typically, a project contains a work schedule, a master construction plan, which calculates the timing of the work of the performers and shows all the construction and installation works. In addition, this document indicates the location of the erected building and construction sites, water and energy supply schemes, as well as the amount of materials, products and construction machines used. For complex buildings, technological maps are used that specify special safety requirements, the main stages, construction technologies, etc.
The organization of construction and installation works is very important, because it depends on it in what rhythm installation, carpentry and other types of work will be carried out.
What is the estimated cost?
The quality level of ongoing construction activities largely depends on the amount of the allocated budget for construction. Therefore, such a concept as “estimated cost of construction and installation work” plays a decisive role in the work process. It is an official confirmation of project financing. It reflects all the final numbers.
Calculation of construction and installation work
The work is easy enough to count. It is necessary to add up all direct costs (cost of materials, salaries of workers, etc.), overhead costs (administrative, etc.) and planned savings. The latter component is otherwise called the estimated or normative profit of the construction organization.
Construction and installation work is the most important stage of construction. Only with competent and qualified planning and organization of production of construction and installation works can the desired result be achieved with minimal effort, money and time.