In the Urals, you can get very good harvests of garden crops. Of course, only with proper care for them. This also applies to cabbage - both white cabbage and other varieties. We will talk about how to properly grow this wonderful, delicious culture.
Seedling dates
Many summer residents are interested in when it is best to harvest cabbage in the Urals. Of course, the timing will primarily depend on the time of sowing, variety and variety. Cabbage seedlings can be obtained in two ways - by planting a house in boxes or immediately in a greenhouse. Most summer residents prefer the second method. The fact is that in the heat of cabbage seedlings grow poorly and often get sick. And this, of course, affects the future harvest. In boxes this culture in the Urals is planted:
- Color - March 5-30. This variety sometimes does not have time to grow heads before the onset of cold weather. Especially late cauliflower. Cleaning and storage in this case are carried out in the usual manner. However, if desired, the heads can be grown artificially to the desired size. To do this, they dig out cabbage with a lump of earth and set up in rows in some dark place.
- Early white-headed - about March 10th.
- Late - March 15-30.
Cabbage seedlings are sown in a greenhouse in the Urals:
- Broccoli and color - from April 15 to May 10.
- Early white-headed - April 1-10.
- Late - at the end of April. Such varieties in the Urals can also be planted in a non-seedling way - directly into the ground.
- Brussels - April 1-20.
Outdoor planting dates
The time of transfer of seedlings to beds in the Urals also depends primarily on the variety and variety. Most often, the terms are as follows:
- For broccoli and cauliflower - from April 20 to May 15.
- For early white-headed - from April 25 to May 20.
- For late white - from May 15 to May 25.
The sooner seedlings are planted, the earlier an operation such as harvesting cabbage can be performed. The timing of the cut, of course, to some extent also depends on how carefully care will be taken for this crop. It is very important to choose the right landing place. Of course, cabbage needs to be watered periodically, loosened and fertilized.
What varieties are best suited for the Urals
Of course, in order to get a good harvest, you need to choose the suitable varieties of cabbage. For the Urals, the same ones as for Siberia are not bad. If we talk about early cabbage, then it can be, for example, “Dawn F1”, “June”, “Dumas 1”. Later varieties suitable for cultivation in this region are Blizzard, Winter Mushroom, Amager. Of the middle-aged in the Urals, they most often plant “Hope”, “Stakhanovka”, “Sibiryachka” and the popular, well-known “Glory”.
Seat selection
You need to plant cabbage in a well-lit area. In the shade of large heads of cabbage you will not succeed. It is best to plant it after cereals, legumes, cucumbers, onions and potatoes. At the same place to grow this culture can be no more than 3 years in a row. The break should be at least 4 years.
Soil preparation
How exactly cabbage is harvested in the Urals (terms and rules) - we will consider in more detail below. Now, let's figure out how to properly prepare the soil for this culture. Soil cabbage loves greasy and fertile, with a neutral Ph-reaction. In addition, the earth must retain moisture well. Loam is considered the most suitable type of soil for cabbage. It is best if the site for this culture will be prepared already in the fall. The earth under the beds needs to be dug up well, after falling asleep with a thin layer of dolomite flour or lime (2 cups per meter ) Cabbage responds very well to fertilizers such as manure and humus. They are usually made in the amount of 1 bucket per 1 m 2 . You can also fertilize the earth in beds with mineral fertilizers. For example, nitrophosic (2 tbsp. L. Per meter), urea (1 tsp.) Or wood ash (one glass).
How to plant seedlings
The answer to the question of when to harvest cabbage in the Urals depends on the timing of transporting seedlings to the ground. We talked about the time of her landing above. Next, we will examine how exactly this procedure is performed. The technology for planting seedlings also depends on the variety of cabbage and its variety. If you still doubt, focus on the cherry blossoms. As soon as white flowers appear on it, it means that the soil has warmed up enough for the normal development of plants.
Cabbage, and especially cabbage, does not like condensation. Varieties of this variety, both late and early, are planted according to a 60x60 cm pattern. Exactly at the same distance, seedlings of Brussels sprouts are placed on the garden bed. The remaining varieties in the row are planted so that between the bushes there is 40-30 cm of space, and between the rows - 40-50 cm.
How to water cabbage
The answer to the question of when to harvest cabbage in the Urals largely depends on the regularity of its irrigation. This culture loves water very much. Therefore, in the event that the soil under it is moistened sufficiently, heads of cabbage will gain weight faster. How to water this crop? The first half a month after the transfer of seedlings, the soil under the plants is moistened 3 times a week. Next - once every seven days. Early cabbage should be watered more abundantly during July, when there is an active tying of forks. The soil under the later varieties should be better moistened in August. Like all other garden crops, you need to water cabbage in the Urals in the morning and in the evening. The water should be quite warm (about 18 degrees).
Cultivating cabbage
After watering, it is advisable to loosen the ground under the plants to a depth of about 5-8 cm. The frequency of this procedure is about once a week. In addition, cabbage must necessarily be spud. The first time this is done 20 days after carrying seedlings. Then the plants podokuchivayut during loosening - once every seven days.
Feeding and pest control
The first time fertilizers in the soil under seedlings need to be applied half a month after planting. For feeding use a mixture of 10 g of urea, 10 g of potassium chloride and 20 g of superphosphate. You can also take ready-made garden mix, sold in the store.
Of course, cabbage, the harvesting and storage of which will largely depend on the condition of the heads of cabbage, should be protected from various pests during cultivation. Cabbage fly larvae gnawing roots can do very much damage to this culture. When attacked by this insect, plants quickly die. To combat cabbage fly use a mixture of 100 g of tobacco dust, 100 g of wood ash and 1 tsp. ground pepper. She needs to dust the earth around the plants. From cabbage whites, scoops and ticks, a solution of malathion is usually used (60 g per 10 liters of water).
Picking a crop
Harvesting cabbage in the Urals, as in other regions, is done by cutting head or chopping it with an ax. Later varieties quite well tolerate frosts of -7 ° C. However, it is better to remove them all the same at plus temperatures (+3 ° C). Watering should be stopped about two weeks before heading out.
Harvesting cabbage in the Urals: deadlines
So when should you cut the forks? For different varieties, the harvest time will be different:
- Cauliflower, if the planting dates are met and proper care is taken, can be cut in the Urals from mid-July to late August.
- Around the same time, cabbage is harvested (dates specifically from July 1 to August 30) early white cabbage.
- Late cabbage is cut down at the end of October.
White-graded varieties of medium maturity - subject to planting in the ground before the end of May - begin to be harvested around mid-August.
Well, when to harvest cabbage in the Urals, as well as how to care for this crop, we have found out. Subject to all the required technologies, depending on the variety, the forks are cut from the beginning of June to the end of October.