In modern society, a car has long ceased to be a luxury. Often a family has one or more cars. For owners of their own land plots and country houses, a garage is extremely necessary. It can not only protect the iron horse from the weather, but also make minor repairs and maintenance.
Before starting the construction of the garage on the site, it is necessary not only to draw up a construction plan, but also to familiarize yourself with the current legislative framework, so that subsequently the building does not cause problems to the owner.
Varieties of Garages
The main differences in the construction of garages are the choice of material from which they are built. Also, this fact will determine the operational characteristics, design and cost of construction. Most often, when building a garage, the following materials are used:
- Steel sheets. They make a welded all-metal construction. It is very easy to assemble, and the cost of such a garage is low. The downside is susceptibility to climatic conditions: it is cold in winter, and in summer iron is heated under the scorching sun, creating unbearable heat.
- Brick. The garage from this material represents the capital structure. Accordingly, a foundation must be made for it, which significantly increases the cost and complexity of the design. Often in the capital garage place a viewing hole, creating a small workshop. In addition, you can equip the cellar, turning the garage into a small hozblok.
- Foam block or cinder block. By themselves, these materials retain good heat, allowing you to make the garage warm, which makes it easy to start the car in the winter cold. But, as in the previous case, construction requires the construction of a foundation.
- Garage construction from sandwich panels. These materials allow you to create warm lightweight designs. They do not need a powerful foundation. Sandwich panels have a low coefficient of thermal conductivity, so in winter and summer in such a garage you can maintain a comfortable temperature.
- Wood. If the garage will be used only for car storage, then this choice of material is acceptable, but if you plan to carry out any repairs, you need to remember that wood, even treated with fire-retardant impregnations, is a source of danger.
Garage Location
During the design of the garage on the site, several questions arise that need to be considered. It:
- Convenience of entry into the territory.
- The proximity of the garage to the rest of the buildings on the site.
- The distance to the buildings on the neighbor’s plot relative to the garage.
It should be noted that the location is regulated for capital buildings, that is, those that are installed on the foundation. The requirements are mainly dictated by fire safety measures. They determine what distances should be between buildings of different materials:
- The distance between buildings of non-combustible materials should be at least 6 meters. This also applies to the distance to buildings on the neighbor’s site.
- If one structure is made of non-combustible material, and the other is flammable, then the distance between them must be at least 10 meters.
- If both buildings are made of combustible materials, then the distance between them increases to 15 meters.
- The minimum distance between the garage and the apartment building must be at least 3 meters.
On this basis, if the area of the plot is 10 acres or less, the garage should be made of non-combustible materials, such as brick, cinder block, metal, sandwich panels.
The distance to neighboring buildings can be reduced by obtaining written consent from the owner of the neighboring plot.
The location of the garage on the site should be close to the entrance to the territory. In this case, you don’t have to invest in laying the road inland. But at the same time, the garage should not be closer than 5 meters to such objects as roads, power lines, communication lines, engineering structures.
Another nuance that needs to be taken into account during construction in the country is the location relative to the cardinal points. The construction on the north side will not obscure the plants, in addition, the structure will be less heated in the summer.
How to take into account the terrain
If the plot is flat, then the location of the garage will not matter. It is enough to adhere to the established distances from other buildings. But if the terrain has a difficult terrain, then for construction it is better to choose a place that will be above the average height of the site. Thus, flooding during spring floods, as well as constant dampness, can be avoided. It must be remembered that dampness will certainly lead to corrosion of the car, and it is much easier to prevent it than to deal with the consequences.
If the site is up to 10 acres in size, then you do not have to choose where to build a garage. In this case, it is necessary to raise the place for construction. To do this, you need to bring in several cars with soil and carry out the planning, making a flat area.
Building dimensions
The size of the garage is determined by the dimensions of the machine that will be in it. The minimum size is 3 x 6 meters. However, in recent years, the dimensions of passenger cars have increased, and 18 square meters. meters was not enough.
Moreover, inside the garage there should be racks for tools, spare parts and fuels and lubricants. Therefore, taking into account modern realities, the internal size of the garage must be increased to 4.5 x 6 meters. This will make it possible to calmly move inside and freely open the doors of the car, without fear of scratching them.
Fire Safety Issues
The garage building is a source of increased danger. This is due to the fact that the car contains a combustible substance in the tank, and its leakage can lead to a fire. Often, owners store fuel and lubricants in the garage, so these factors must be taken into account during construction.
In the room intended for storage of the machine, there should be a fire shield with fire extinguishing tools installed on it:
- a nightmare;
- fire extinguisher;
- shovel;
- hook;
- box with sand.
Carrying out wiring and lighting
Installation of electricians is regulated by the norms for building a garage. To provide electricity, a separate line is drawn with its own fuse box. Lighting lamps are sealed in shades. The wiring is carried out inside the corrugated tubes, which provide self-extinguishing of the wire in the event of an electrical circuit.
In addition to the above, security issues include the location of the entrance. It should not be in line with the fence that borders the site.
Where to get a building permit
First of all, you need to get permission at the local office of architecture. The appeal is considered within 10 days. For the construction of a garage on the site, the following package of documents is submitted:
- Application for construction.
- Estimate with construction plans and location on the map of the area.
- Documents confirming ownership of the land for the garage. If the site belongs to another person, then its building permit.
If all the requirements for the location of the garage are met, then a building permit is issued.
Do I need to register a garage built on a summer cottage?
The garage in the country, as a rule, is made in the form of light inexpensive buildings. This circumstance is due to the fact that the premises for the car are needed only in the warm period, which means that there is no need to erect a capital structure. It can be metal or garages from sandwich panels, the construction of which does not take much time and resources. What to do with registration in this case?
According to the law, garages, which are real estate, are registered. Light constructions that do not have a foundation or can be disassembled and moved to another place are not. Even if a garage of sandwich panels was built on a foundation slab, it can still theoretically be disassembled and moved to another location. The foundation itself is not real estate.
The main cause of problems with the garage in the country may be disagreements with neighbors. Conflict situations may arise due to the proximity to the neighboring site, the shadowing of the neighboring territory. Therefore, before building it is better to coordinate the location with the neighbors.
How to legitimize a long-built garage
Currently, garages in areas built without permission, in accordance with Article 222 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, fall into the category of self-construction.
If the building belongs to the category of real estate, then it must be legalized. You can do this in the following ways:
- With hindsight, obtain a building permit. Where can this be done? To do this, documents are drawn up, like a garage not yet built, in the department of architecture of local government.
- A petition is filed for the preservation of unauthorized construction in the commission on the suppression of unauthorized construction. If the commission agreed, then in this case a building permit is issued.
- Recognition of ownership through the court. In this case, the statement of claim should be supplemented by:
- documents proving the fact of construction (statements, invoices, invoices, work contracts);
- documents confirming that no one has a property right to the garage (extract from the Unified State Register of Rights to Real Estate);
- conclusion on the compliance of the fire safety structure with environmental and sanitary standards (certificates are collected at the appropriate authorities)
If the garage was built by the owner of the land, then the recognition of ownership of unauthorized construction will not be difficult.